고통 (감정)

고통(苦痛)은 개인의 감정이다. 감정적인 고통의 예는 불안, 슬픔, 미움, 지루함 등이 있다. 개인에게 오는 위험에 대한 위협 또는 위험의 인식과 관련될 수 있다.^[1] 고통은 정독 현상의 부정적인 감정가를 이루는 기본 요소이다. 고통의 반의어는 기쁨 또는 행복이다.

고통은 신체적 고통이나^[2] 심리적 고통으로 분류되기도 한다.^[3] 온화한 강도에서부터 인내가 불가능한 강도에까지 이른다.

같이 보기편집

철학 포털

고 (불교)

각주편집

↑ For instance, Wayne Hudson in Historicizing Suffering, Chapter 14 of Perspectives on Human Suffering (Jeff Malpas and Norelle Lickiss, editors, Springer, 2012) : "According to the standard account suffering is a universal human experience described as a negative basic feeling or emotion that involves a subjective character of unpleasantness, aversion, harm or threat of harm to body or mind (Spelman 1997; Cassell 1991)."
↑ Examples of physical suffering: pain of various types, excessive heat, excessive cold, itching, hunger, thirst, nausea, air hunger, sleep deprivation. “IASP Pain Terminology”. 2008년 9월 26일에 원본 문서에서 보존된 문서. 2008년 9월 11일에 확인함. “UAB – School of Medicine – Center for Palliative and Supportive Care”. 2007년 10월 28일에 원본 문서에서 보존된 문서. 2008년 9월 11일에 확인함. Other examples are given by L. W. Sumner, on p. 103 of Welfare, Happiness, and Ethics: "Think for a moment of the many physical symptoms which, when persistent, can make our lives miserable: nausea, hiccups, sneezing, dizziness, disorientation, loss of balance, itching, 'pins and needles', 'restless legs', tics, twitching, fatigue, difficulty in breathing, and so on."
↑ Mental suffering can also be called psychological or emotional (see Psychological pain). Examples of mental suffering: depression (mood) / hopelessness, grief, sadness / loneliness / heartbreak, disgust, irritation, anger, jealousy, envy, craving or yearning, frustration, anguish, angst, fear, anxiety / panic, shame / guilt, regret, embarrassment / humiliation, restlessness.

이 글은 심리학에 관한 토막글입니다. 여러분의 지식으로 알차게 문서를 완성해 갑시다.

[1] For instance, Wayne Hudson in Historicizing Suffering, Chapter 14 of Perspectives on Human Suffering (Jeff Malpas and Norelle Lickiss, editors, Springer, 2012) : "According to the standard account suffering is a universal human experience described as a negative basic feeling or emotion that involves a subjective character of unpleasantness, aversion, harm or threat of harm to body or mind (Spelman 1997; Cassell 1991)."

[2] Examples of physical suffering: pain of various types, excessive heat, excessive cold, itching, hunger, thirst, nausea, air hunger, sleep deprivation. “IASP Pain Terminology”. 2008년 9월 26일에 원본 문서에서 보존된 문서. 2008년 9월 11일에 확인함. “UAB – School of Medicine – Center for Palliative and Supportive Care”. 2007년 10월 28일에 원본 문서에서 보존된 문서. 2008년 9월 11일에 확인함. Other examples are given by L. W. Sumner, on p. 103 of Welfare, Happiness, and Ethics: "Think for a moment of the many physical symptoms which, when persistent, can make our lives miserable: nausea, hiccups, sneezing, dizziness, disorientation, loss of balance, itching, 'pins and needles', 'restless legs', tics, twitching, fatigue, difficulty in breathing, and so on."

[3] Mental suffering can also be called psychological or emotional (see Psychological pain). Examples of mental suffering: depression (mood) / hopelessness, grief, sadness / loneliness / heartbreak, disgust, irritation, anger, jealousy, envy, craving or yearning, frustration, anguish, angst, fear, anxiety / panic, shame / guilt, regret, embarrassment / humiliation, restlessness.

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