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Hades0508 (토론 | 기여)
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Hades0508 (토론 | 기여)
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== 구조 ==
 
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="float: right; margin-right: 0; margin-left 1em; text-align; center;
|+ [[
 
 
Possible causes for the depletion of a previously thicker Martian atmosphere include:
 
* Gradual erosion of the atmosphere by solar wind,<ref>{{Cite web|title=The Solar Wind at Mars|work=Science @ NASA|publisher=NASA|url=http://science.nasa.gov/headlines/y2001/ast31jan_1.htm|accessdate=October 31, 2009}}</ref> possibly helped by Mars's magnetic-field irregularities;<ref name="science.nasa.gov"/>
 
* Catastrophic collision by a body large enough to blow away a significant percentage of the atmosphere;<ref name="science.nasa.gov">{{Cite web|title=Solar Wind Rips Up Martian Atmosphere|work=NASA Headlines|publisher=NASA|url=http://science.nasa.gov/headlines/y2008/21nov_plasmoids.htm|accessdate=October 31, 2009}}</ref>
 
* Mars's low gravity allowing the atmosphere to "blow off" into space by [[Atmospheric_escape|gas-kinetic escape]].<ref>http://astronomynotes.com/solarsys/s10.htm</ref>
 
 
 
 
 
== Structure ==
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="float: right; margin-right: 0; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"
|+ [[Atmospheric pressure|Pressure]] comparison
! scope="col" | Where
! scope="col" | Pressure
|-
! scope="row" | [[Olympus Mons]] summit
| {{Convert|0.03|kPa|sp=us|lk=on}}
|-
! scope="row" | Mars average
| {{Convert|0.6|kPa|sp=us}}
|-
! scope="row" | [[Hellas Planitia]] bottom
| {{Convert|1.16|kPa|sp=us}}
|-
! scope="row" | [[Armstrong limit]]
| {{Convert|6.25|kPa|sp=us}}
|-
! scope="row" | Mount Everest summit<ref>[http://jap.physiology.org/content/86/3/1062.full John B. West - '''Barometric pressures on Mt. Everest: new data and physiological significance''' (1998)]</ref>
| {{Convert|33.7|kPa|sp=us}}
|-
! scope="row" | Earth sea level
| {{Convert|101.3|kPa|sp=us}}
|-
|}
 
Mars's atmosphere is composed of the following layers:
* Lower atmosphere: This is a warm region affected by heat from airborne [[dust]] and from the ground.
* Middle atmosphere: Mars has a [[jetstream]], which flows in this region.
* Upper atmosphere, or thermosphere: This region has very high temperatures, caused by heating from the Sun. Atmospheric gases start to separate from each other at these altitudes, rather than forming the even mix found in the lower atmospheric layers.
* Exosphere: Typically stated to start at {{Convert|200|km|sp=us|abbr=on}} and higher, this region is where the last wisps of atmosphere merge into the vacuum of space. There is no distinct boundary where the atmosphere ends; it just tapers away.
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