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The {{Nihongo|'''2011 earthquake off the Pacific coast of Tōhoku'''|東北地方太平洋沖地震|Tōhoku-chihō Taiheiyō Oki Jishin}}, often referred to in Japan as {{Nihongo||東日本大震災|Higashi nihon daishinsai}}<ref>[http://cais.gsi.go.jp/YOCHIREN/activity/191/191.e.html Abstract of the 191th meeting of CCEP] - website of the Japanese [[Coordinating Committee for Earthquake Prediction]]</ref> and also known as the '''2011 Tohoku earthquake''',<ref>[http://www.usgs.gov/newsroom/article.asp?ID=2727&from=rss_home USGS Updates Magnitude of Japan’s 2011 Tohoku Earthquake to 9.03] - website of the [[United States Geological Survey]]</ref> the '''Great East Japan Earthquake''',<ref name="kantei0401">{{cite web |url=http://www.kantei.go.jp/foreign/kan/statement/201104/01kaiken_e.html| title= Press Conference by Prime Minister Naoto Kan |publisher=[[Prime Minister of Japan]] and His Cabinet|accessdate=1 April 2011| archiveurl = http://www.webcitation.org/5y2MOXMvL | archivedate=18 April 2011| deadurl=no}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url =http://search.japantimes.co.jp/cgi-bin/nn20110402a6.html|work=The Japan Times |title=Kan names quake at pep talk| date=2 April 2011|accessdate=2 April 2011|archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/5xgiq5T7u|archivedate=5 April 2011}}</ref><ref name="fn_1" group="fn" /> and the '''3.11 Earthquake''', was a [[moment magnitude scale|magnitude]] 9.03 (M<sub>w</sub>) [[submarine earthquake|undersea]] [[megathrust earthquake]] off the coast of [[Japan]] that occurred at 14:46 [[Japan Standard Time|JST]] (05:46 [[UTC]]) on 11 March 2011,<ref name="USGS9.0">{{cite web|url=http://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eqinthenews/2011/usc0001xgp/ |title= Magnitude 9.03 – Near The East Coast Of Honshu, Japan|publisher=[[United States Geological Survey]] (USGS) |accessdate=13 March 2011|archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/5xgj6FuHC|archivedate=5 April 2011}}</ref><ref name="New Scientist">{{Cite journal|url=http://www.newscientist.com/blogs/shortsharpscience/2011/03/powerful-japan-quake-sparks-ts.html|title=Japan's quake updated to magnitude 9.0 |edition= Short Sharp Science |journal=[[New Scientist]]|date=11 March 2011|first=Michael|last=Reilly|accessdate=11 March 2011|archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/5xgjBRle0|archivedate=5 April 2011}}</ref><ref name=USGS>{{cite news|title=New USGS number puts Japan quake at 4th largest|url=http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2011/03/14/501364/main20043126.shtml|newspaper=[[CBS News]]|agency=Associated Press|date=14 March 2011|accessdate=15 March 2011|archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/5xgjFTgf4|archivedate=5 April 2011}}</ref> with the [[epicentre]] approximately {{Convert|70|km|mi|0}} east of the [[Oshika Peninsula]] of [[Tōhoku region|Tōhoku]] and the [[hypocenter]] at an underwater depth of approximately {{Convert|32|km|mi|0|abbr=on}}.<ref name="USGS9.0"/><ref name="BBC1">{{Cite news|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-pacific-12709598|work=BBC News |title=Tsunami hits north-eastern Japan after massive quake|date=11 March 2011|accessdate=11 March 2011| archiveurl = http://www.webcitation.org/5x7SSocBe | archivedate=11 March 2011| deadurl=no}}</ref> It was the most powerful known [[List of earthquakes in Japan|earthquake ever to have hit Japan]], and one of the five [[Largest earthquakes by magnitude|most powerful earthquakes in the world]] since modern record-keeping began in 1900.<ref name=USGS /><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2011/mar/13/japan-tsunami-earthquake-power-cuts|title=Tsunami, earthquake, nuclear crisis – now Japan faces power cuts|last=Branigan|first=Tania|date=13 March 2011|work=The Guardian |location=London |accessdate=15 March 2011|archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/5xDAT05x0|archivedate=15 March 2011}}</ref><ref name="3news">{{Cite news|url=http://www.3news.co.nz/Japan-quake---7th-largest-in-recorded-history/tabid/417/articleID/201998/Default.aspx|title=Japan quake – 7th largest in recorded history|accessdate=11 March 2011|date=11 March 2011| archiveurl = http://www.webcitation.org/5xtOn8fYs | archivedate=12 April 2011| deadurl=no}}</ref> The earthquake triggered powerful [[tsunami]] waves that reached heights of up to {{Convert|40.5|m|ft|0}} in [[Miyako, Iwate|Miyako]] in Tōhoku's [[Iwate Prefecture]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www3.nhk.or.jp/daily/english/13_04.html |title=March 11th tsunami a record 40.5 meters high [[NHK]] |publisher=.nhk.or.jp |date=13 August 2011 |accessdate=7 September 2011| archiveurl= http://web.archive.org/web/20110728013451/http://www3.nhk.or.jp/daily/english/13_04.html| archivedate= 28 July 2011 <!--DASHBot-->| deadurl= no}}</ref><ref name="yomiuri">[[Yomiuri Shimbun]] evening edition 2-11-04-15 page 15, nearby Aneyoshi fishery port (姉吉漁港)(Google map E39 31 57.8, N 142 3 7.6) 2011-04-15, [http://www.yomiuri.co.jp/science/news/20110415-OYT1T00389.htm 大震災の津波、宮古で38.9 m…明治三陸上回る] by okayasu Akio (岡安 章夫) {{WebCite|url=http://www.webcitation.org/5y2aMlkNh|date=18 April 2011}}</ref> and which, in the [[Sendai]] area, travelled up to {{Convert|10|km|mi|0|abbr=on}} inland.<ref name="roland buerk">{{cite news|author=Roland Buerk|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-pacific-12709598 |title= Japan earthquake: Tsunami hits north-east |publisher=BBC |date=11 March 2011|accessdate=12 March 2011| archiveurl = http://www.webcitation.org/5x7SSocBe | archivedate=11 March 2011| deadurl=no}}</ref> The earthquake moved [[Honshu]] (the main island of Japan) {{Convert|2.4|m|ft|0|abbr=on}} east and shifted the Earth on its axis by estimates of between {{Convert|10|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} and {{Convert|25|cm|in|0|abbr=on}}.<ref name=DW>{{Cite news|title=Quake shifted Japan by over two meters|url=http://www.dw-world.de/dw/article/0,,14909967,00.html|work=[[Deutsche Welle]]|date=14 March 2011|accessdate=14 March 2011| archiveurl = http://www.webcitation.org/5xBeYFfOD | archivedate=14 March 2011| deadurl=no}}</ref><ref name="NYTimes-Chang2011-03-13" /><ref name="Chai" />
이 지진은 지금까지 일본을 강타한 지진 중 가장 강력한 것으로 알려졌고, 1900년에 현대적 기록을 시작한 이래로 세계에서 가장 강력한 다섯 개의 지진 중 하나이다.<ref name=USGS /><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2011/mar/13/japan-tsunami-earthquake-power-cuts|title=Tsunami, earthquake, nuclear crisis – now Japan faces power cuts(해일, 지진, 핵 재앙 - 지금 일본은 힘에 직면)|last=Branigan|first=Tania|date=13 March 2011|work=The Guardian |location=London |accessdate=15 March 2011|archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/5xDAT05x0|archivedate=15 March 2011}}</ref>
<ref name="3news">{{Cite news|url=http://www.3news.co.nz/Japan-quake---7th-largest-in-recorded-history/tabid/417/articleID/201998/Default.aspx|title=Japan quake – 7th largest in recorded history|accessdate=11 March 2011|date=11 March 2011| archiveurl = http://www.webcitation.org/5xtOn8fYs | archivedate=12 April 2011| deadurl=no}}</ref> 지진은 도호쿠의 이와테 현의 미야코에서 40.5m에 달하는 강력하나 쓰나미를 발생시켰고,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www3.nhk.or.jp/daily/english/13_04.html |title=March 11th tsunami a record 40.5 meters high [[NHK]] |publisher=.nhk.or.jp |date=13 August 2011 |accessdate=7 September 2011| archiveurl= http://web.archive.org/web/20110728013451/http://www3.nhk.or.jp/daily/english/13_04.html| archivedate= 28 July 2011 <!--DASHBot-->| deadurl= no}}</ref><ref name="yomiuri">[[Yomiuri Shimbun]] evening edition 2-11-04-15 page 15, nearby Aneyoshi fishery port (姉吉漁港)(Google map E39 31 57.8, N 142 3 7.6) 2011-04-15, [http://www.yomiuri.co.jp/science/news/20110415-OYT1T00389.htm 大震災の津波、宮古で38.9 m…明治三陸上回る] by okayasu Akio (岡安 章夫) {{WebCite|url=http://www.webcitation.org/5y2aMlkNh|date=18 April 2011}}</ref> 센다이 지역에서, 10km 내륙에 이르기까지 나아갔다.<ref name="roland buerk">{{cite news|author=Roland Buerk|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-pacific-12709598 |title= Japan earthquake: Tsunami hits north-east |publisher=BBC |date=11 March 2011|accessdate=12 March 2011| archiveurl = http://www.webcitation.org/5x7SSocBe | archivedate=11 March 2011| deadurl=no}}</ref>
지진은 혼슈를 2.4m 동쪽으로 이동시켰고,
The earthquake moved [[Honshu]] (the main island of Japan) {{Convert|2.4|m|ft|0|abbr=on}} east and shifted the Earth on its axis by estimates of between {{Convert|10|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} and {{Convert|25|cm|in|0|abbr=on}}.<ref name=DW>{{Cite news|title=Quake shifted Japan by over two meters|url=http://www.dw-world.de/dw/article/0,,14909967,00.html|work=[[Deutsche Welle]]|date=14 March 2011|accessdate=14 March 2011| archiveurl = http://www.webcitation.org/5xBeYFfOD | archivedate=14 March 2011| deadurl=no}}</ref><ref name="NYTimes-Chang2011-03-13" /><ref name="Chai" />
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