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'''고호리카와 천황'''(後堀河天皇 , [[1212년]] 3월 22일 – [[1234년]] 8월 31일) 은 일본의 86대 천황([[1221년]] ~ [[12321232년]])이였다.
이 13세기의 군주는 10세기의 호리카와 천황의 이름을 따라지어졌는데 호리카와 2세라 할 수 있다.
그가 국화왕좌에 오르기 전의 개인이름은 유타히토 신노(茂仁親王)였다.
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*The third son of Imperial Prince Morisada (守貞親王) (Go-Takakura-in, 後高倉院), the second son of [[Emperor Takakura]]
*Empress (''Jingū''): Sanjō (Fujiwara) ?? (三条（藤原）有子)
*Empress (''Chūgū''): Konoe (Fujiwara) ?? (近衛（藤原）長子)
*Empress (''Chūgū''): Kujō (Fujiwara) ?? (九条（藤原）竴子)
**First son: Imperial Prince Mitsuhito (秀仁親王) ([[Emperor Shijō]])
**Fourth daughter: Imperial Princess ?? (日韋子内親王)
*Lady-in-waiting: Daughter of Jimyōin (Fujiwara) Ieyuki (持明院（藤原）家行)
**First daughter: Imperial Princess ?? (暉子内親王)
**Second daughter: Imperial Princess ?? (体子内親王)
*Lady-in-waiting: Daughter of Fujiwara Kaneyoshi (藤原兼良)
**Third daughter: Imperial Princess ?? (昱子内親王)
==Events of Go-Horikawa's life==
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[[1221년]], 조큐 전쟁으로 고토바 천황의 실권을 잡으려던 시도는 실패하고 카마쿠라 쇼군은 완전히 국화왕조에서 고토바 천황의 후손을 완전히 배척하였다. 그리하여 추쿄 천황을 양위케하였다. 겐페이 전쟁 후에 그는 타카쿠라 천황의 손자이며 추교의 첫 조카가 고호리카와천황으로 등극하였다.
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* '''''[[Jōkyū]] 3''''', on the 9th day of the 7th month ([[1221]]): In the 1st year of what is now considered to have been Chūkyō''-tennō'''s reign (仲恭天皇1年), he abruptly abdicated without designating an heir; and contemporary scholars then construed that the succession (‘‘senso’’)<ref>Varley, p. 44. [A distinct act of ''senso'' is unrecognized prior to Emperor Tenji; and all sovereigns except Jitō, Yōzei, Go-Toba, and Fushimi have ''senso'' and ''sokui'' in the same year until the reign of Go-Murakami.]</ref> was received by a grandson of former Emperor Go-Toba.<ref>Brown, p. 344; Titsingh, p. 238.</ref>
* '''''[[Jōkyū]] 3''''', on the 1st day of the 12th month ([[1221]]): Emperor Go-Horikawa acceded to the throne (‘‘sokui’’).<ref>Titsingh, p. 95; Brown, p. 344; Varley, p. 44.</ref>
As Go-Horikawa was only ten-years-old at this time, his father Imperial Prince Morisada acted as [[cloistered rule|cloistered emperor]] under the name Go-Takakura-in.<ref>Titsingh, p. 238; Brown, pp. 344-345; Varley, p. 226.</ref>
In [[1232]], he began his own [[cloistered rule]], abdicating to his 1-year-old son, [[Emperor Shijō]]. However, being of a weak constitution, his cloistered rule lasted just under 2 years before he died. Go-Horikawa's Imperial Tomb (''misasagi'') is at [[Sennyu-ji]] temple in Higashiyama, [[Kyoto]] in the ''Nochi no Tsukinowa no Higashiyama no misasagi'' 後月輪東山陵.[http://www.taleofgenji.org/sennyuji.html ..Link to images of temple and front of mausoleum enclosure]
====''Kugyō''====
''Kugyō'' (公卿) is a collective term for the very few most powerful men attached to the court of the [[Emperor of Japan]] in pre-[[Meiji period|Meiji]] eras.
In general, this elite group included only three to four men at a time. These were hereditary courtiers whose experience and background would have brought them to the pinnacle of a life's career. During Go-Horikawa's reign, this apex of the ''[[Daijō-kan]]'' included:
* ''[[Sesshō]]'', [[Konoe Iezane]], d. 1242.<ref name="b345">Brown, p. 345.</ref>
* ''[[Sadaijin]]'', [[Konoe Iemichi]], 1204-1224.<ref name="b345">[see above]</ref>
* ''[[Udaijin]]'', Fujiwara Kintsugu, 1117-1227.<ref name="b345">[see above]</ref>
* ''[[Nadaijin]]'', Saionji Kintsune, 1171-1224.<ref name="b345">[see above]</ref>
* ''[[Dianagon]]''
==Eras of Go-Horikawa's reign==
The years of Go-Horikawa's reign are more specifically identified by more than one [[Japanese era names| era name]] or ''[[nengō]]''.<ref name="t238">[see above]</ref>
* [[Jōkyū]] (1219-1222)
* [[Jōō (Kamakura period)|Jōō]] (1222-1224)
* [[Gennin]] (1224-1225)
* [[Karoku]] (1225-1227)
* [[Antei]] (1227-1229)
* [[Kangi]] (1229-1232)
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{{역대 천황}}
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