사회민주주의: 두 판 사이의 차이

outcomes and encourage more democratic and more solidaristic practices than would a more conventional capitalist system."}}{{sfnm|1a1=Gombert|1a2=Bläsius|1a3=Krell|1a4=Timpe|1y=2009|1p=8|2a1=Sejersted|2y=2011}}

 

사회민주주의는 [[마르크스주의]]를 이론적 배경으로 하되, 그 안에 내포된 [[혁명적 사회주의|혁명적 방법]]을 배격하고, 대의민주주의 정치 체제를 바탕으로 [[수정주의적 마르크스주의|개혁을 통해 사회주의를 달성할 것을 주장하는 이데올로기]]로 변형되었다.<ref>{{웹 인용|url=http://www.britannica.com/topic/social-democracy|title=Social democracy|publisher=''Encyclopædia Britannica''|accessdate=10 August 2015}}</ref> 서유럽 초기의 전후 사회민주주의 정당은 소비에트 연방의 레닌주의 정치・경제 모델을 거부하고, 사회주의로의 대안적인 길이나 자본주의와 사회주의 사이의 타협을 약속했다.{{sfn|Adams|1993|pp=102-103|ps=: "The emergence of social democracy was partly a result of the Cold War. People argued that if the Stalinist Soviet empire, where the state controlled everything, showed socialism in action, then socialism was not worth having. [...] The consensus policies of a mixed and managed economy and the welfare state, developed by the post-war Labour government, seemed in themselves to provide a basis for a viable socialism that would combine prosperity and freedom with social justice and the possibility of a full life for everyone. They could be seen as a compromise between socialism and capitalism."}} (대표적으로 [[자본가]] 및 정부와 노동자가 계급타협을 한 [[스웨덴]]의 살트셰바덴 협약이 이에 해당한다.) 이 시기에 사회민주주의자들은 사유 재산의 인정을 토대로 하는 [[혼합 경제]]를 받아들였는데, 공공의 소유로 하는 것은 필수적인 공익 설비와 공공 서비스 등 극소수에 불과했다. 결과적으로, 사회민주주의는 [[케인스 경제학]], 국가 개입주의, [[복지 국가]]와 연계되게 되었으며, 동시에 자본주의 체제를 질적으로 다른 사회주의 체제로 변혁을 통해 급격히 교체한다는 이전의 목표를 포기하게 되었다.<ref>{{harvnb|Miller|1998|p=827}}: "In the second, mainly post-war, phase, social democrats came to believe that their ideals and values could be achieved by reforming capitalism rather than abolishing it. They favored a mixed economy in which most industries would be privately owned, with only a small number of utilities and other essential services in public ownership."</ref>{{sfn|Jones|2001|p=1410|ps=: "In addition, particularly since World War II, distinctions have sometimes been made between social democrats and socialists on the basis that the former have accepted the permanence of the mixed economy and have abandoned the idea of replacing the capitalist system with a qualitatively different socialist society."}}{{sfn|Heywood|2012|pp=125–128|ps=: "As an ideological stance, social democracy took shape around the mid-twentieth century, resulting from the tendency among western socialist parties not only to adopt parliamentary strategies, but also to revise their socialist goals. In particular, they abandoned the goal of abolishing capitalism and sought instead to reform or ‘humanize’ it. Social democracy therefore came to stand for a broad balance between the market economy, on the one hand, and state intervention, on the other."}}