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==1960's 9 Gwan/Kwan/Gyms united to create Taekwondo in relation to Pasa-Gwonbeop & Karate==
Taekwondo is a mix of Gwonbeop gym & Karate gyms. The following 5 Gwan gyms were the most famous & the earliest in Taekwondo history. Later, these became 9 Gwan/Kwan/Gyms (particularly with the Gwonbeop gym's expansion into 4 more Gwan/Kwan/Gym), which united in 1960's to become Taekwondo. Taekwondo is a mix of 4 Karate gyms & 5 Gwonbeop gyms. YMCA Gwonbeop Club's Gwonbeop was different from Karate; there is an old publication called "Pasa-Gwonbeop" by Cheolheui Park which contained what was taught at the YMCA Gwonbeop Club. It includes postures similar to Taekwondo/Karate such as Taekwondo/Karate punch (which already existed in 300 years old Muyedobotongji Gwonbeop pictures), but it also includes postures very different from Taekwondo/Karate (proving Gwonbeop lineage to Gwonbeop, not some other art).<ref>{{웹 인용|url=https://pbs.twimg.com/media/DtgdlTKW0AAkVDl.jpg |title=300 years old Korean Muyedobotongji Gwonbub's Taekwondo punch}}</ref>
Chung Do Kwan - founded by Lee Won Kuk. Trained in Shotokan by Gichin and Gigo Funakoshi. In 1944, He was granted permission by the Japanese Governor and General to begin teaching Karate in Seoul.
Song Moo Kwan - Founded in 1946 by Ro Byung Jick. Studied karate under Gichin Funakoshi along with Chung Do Kwan founder Lee Won Kuk in Japan.
Moo Duk Kwan - Founded in 1945 by Hwang Kee. Trained Chinese kung fu and japanese karate.
Ji Do Kwan - Founded in 1946 by Chun Sang Sup. Studied Shotokan karate with Gichin Funakoshi in Japan.
Chang Moo Kwan - Founded in 1946 by Yoon Byung-in and taught Gwonbub in YMCA. It is unclear when & how Byungin Yoon trained Karate. He was given 5th Dan in Karate while in college; he only spent his college years exposed to Karate. Regardless, he was trained in Gwonbeop & Kung Fu as well; he taught Gwonbeop. Byungin Yoon was born in Manchuria, China. However, there were and there are many Koreans living in Manchuria to learn Gwonbeop from.
There are visual differences between Korean Gwonbeop & the original Chinese Quan Fa. The following is the 300 years old Korean pictures on Korean Gwonbub/Gwonbeop.<ref>{{웹 인용|url=https://pbs.twimg.com/media/DtgeqsmWwAE9by-.jpg |title=300 years old Korean Gwonbub picture pushing shoulder in punch for mass & strength}}</ref><ref>{{웹 인용|url=https://pbs.twimg.com/media/DtgdlTKW0AAkVDl.jpg |title=300 years old Korean Muyedobotongji Gwonbub's Taekwondo punch}}</ref><ref>{{웹 인용|url=https://i.imgur.com/LwjGIti.png |title=a couple 300 years old Korean Muyedobotongji Gwonbub moves}}</ref> Mas Oyama also recorded in his book about Chosun(Korean)-Gwonbeop.<ref>{{웹 인용|url=https://mookas.com/news/9586 |title=Mas Oyama's mention of Korean Gwonbub 100 years ago}}</ref>
Quoting the book "Gwan/Gym Oriented Retrospect on Taekwondo Creation History" by Cheolheui Park: "I was preteen when I first met Taekwondo. At the time, the person who taught Taekwondo (I learned from YMCA Gwonbeop club, which called it Gwonbeop) was master Byungin Yoon.", "After Korea was liberated, Master (Yoon) was a gym teacher in Gyungsung Agriculture school, taught his martial art. Later, he moved to Gyungdong Middle School. Even Woonyong Kim who was the WTF Taekwondo president learned Gwonbub in that school.", "In 1946, at Seoul Jongro's YMCA, Byungin Yoon established a Gwonbeop club then started teaching martial art seriously. Originally, master Yoon taught at Chosunyeonmukwan Gwonbeop club with master Sangseob Jeon.", "The Gwans that came out of YMCA Gwonbub Club are the following. Jungpyo Hong opened Mudowon; I took over & changed its name to Gangdukwon. Namsuk Lee & Soonbae Kim's Changmugwan. Dongju Lee's Gangmugwan, etc. Namseok's Lee's student opened Choongmugwan. Sungkyunkwan University's captain also opened a Dojang/Dojo.", "Honghi Choi, the founder of ITF Taekwondo also visited YMCA Gwonbub Club time to time.", "YMCA Gwonbub club created Changmugwan & Gangdeokwon". Cheolheui Park was born in 1933. Trained Gwonbub in YMCA Gwonbub club. After the Korean war, started Gangdeokwon. He was the Taekwondo teacher in Military Army School, Gyungmudae Martial Art teacher, Daehan Taesudo Federation's Executive Secretary.<ref>{{웹 인용|url=http://www.blog.daum.net/teams684/69 |title=the book "Gwan/Gym Oriented Retrospect on Taekwondo Creation History" by Cheolheui Park}}</ref>
"'백만인의 가라테'의 저자 소개를 보면, 그는 9세 경에 권법을 배워 중학 2년에 초단이 되었다고 하고 있어 권법을 배웠다고 할 수 있다. 하지만, 전 세계의 무예를 소개하는 내용에는 조선의 무예를 서술하면서 그 특징으로 박치기와 머리카락(댕기머리?) 치기, 어깨치기 등의 특이한 기법이 있었다고 하며 발을 사용하는 소년과 선비의 대결 모습을 그림으로 표현하면서, ‘조선권법’이라고 기재하고 있어".<ref>{{웹 인용|url=https://mookas.com/news/9586 |title=Mas Oyama's mention of Korean Gwonbub 100 years ago}}</ref> Translation: "In the author biography in the book 'Karate for a Million People', Oyama learned Gwonbub at age 9, he became black belt in the 2nd grade of middle school. It can be said that he learned [[Gwonbeop]]. In his contents introducing martial arts of the world, he described Korean martial art. In characteristics, there are headbutt, hair strike, shoulder strike, etc special techniques. He showed a picture of a boy and a man kicking; he called it Chosun(Korean)-[[Gwonbeop]]."
The term and the sport Gwonbeop (권법, 拳法) started 300 years ago in Korea by editing Chinese Quan Fa and mixing Subak with it. This was done by a 300 years old Korean martial art textbook Muyedobotongji. Gwonbeop was taught in Korea at YMCA Gwonbeop club in the mid 20th century which used the name Gwonbeop like Muyedobotongji Gwonbeop. After Gwonbeop was mixed with Karate, Taekwondo was started in the 1960's by the 9 gyms involving Gwonbeop & Karate. Cheolheui Park published a book called Pasa-Gwonbeop when he was young. Besides Okinawan Karate's Kata, the book Pasa-Gwonbeop also includes Gibonhyung 1~5 and Jeonggonghyung 1 which were done in YMCA Gwonbeop Club before Pasa-Gwonbeop was published. YMCA Gwonbeop club's Gwonbeop (included in the book Pasa-Gwonbeop) has many postures looking similar to Taekwondo/Karate (such as Taekwondo/Karate punch, which already existed in 300 years old Muyedobotongji Gwonbeop pictures) while also having postures looking distinct from it. YMCA Gwonbeop club's Gwonbeop was different from Karate.<ref>{{웹 인용|url=http://m.blog.daum.net/teams684/69 |title=Cheolheui Park's testimony on Byungin Yoon & Pasa-Gwonbeop}}</ref><ref>{{웹 인용|url=https://pbs.twimg.com/media/Dxr4Cn5UwAQ6fR6.jpg |title=Cheolheui Park's Pasa-Gwonbeop 1}}</ref><ref>{{웹 인용|url=https://pbs.twimg.com/media/Dxr4E1JUYAIOX-N.jpg |title=Cheolheui Park's Pasa-Gwonbeop 2}}</ref><ref>{{웹 인용|url=https://pbs.twimg.com/media/Dxr4HYDUcAUaNIz.jpg |title=Cheolheui Park's Pasa-Gwonbeop 3}}</ref>
Gwonbeop, which started 300 years ago by Muyedobotongji in Korea, existed in Korea even 100 years ago such as Mas Oyama's middle school years. It is unclear when Byungin Yoon learned Gwonbeop, but he must have learned it at some point of time to teach Gwonbeop. Cheolheui Park's Pasa-Gwonbeop (published when he was young) looks somewhat different from Muyedobotongji Gweonbeop, which could be from Byungin Yoon's Kung Fu experience.
Byungin Yoon was also involved in the development of North Korean Gyuksul. North Korea has a fight game called Kyuksul. According to historical records referred by Mookas martial art magazine, "the earlier contests were about the same as boxing, but in 1987's 7th contest, it evolved to the level of kickboxing." <ref>{{웹 인용|url=https://pbs.twimg.com/media/DnvIcdeXsAAQ2Ae.jpg |title=Boxing-like origin of Gyuksul}}</ref>
Gyuksul was originally from Subak. In the new Gyuksul rules & techniques, Gyuksul also resembles Sibak (Korean street fighting games) & Gwonbeop (Muyedobotongji).<ref>{{웹 인용|url=https://i.imgur.com/aGQ9L8O.png |title=Gyuksul picture 1}}</ref><ref>{{웹 인용|url=https://i.imgur.com/z7RaPQ2.png |title=Gyuksul picture 2}}</ref><ref>{{웹 인용|url=https://i.imgur.com/Bs0T0Ij.png |title=Gyuksul picture 3}}</ref>
Those 3 pictures are Gyuksul moves. There are similar moves in Korean Muyedobotongji Gwonbeop, except that Gwonbub's wild swing with shoulder-push uses vertical fist while Gyuksul uses horizontal fist. Those 3 pictures resemble these two 300 years old Korean Gwonbeop pictures. <ref>{{웹 인용|url=https://pbs.twimg.com/media/DtgeqsmWwAE9by-.jpg |title=300 years old Muyedobotongji Gwonbeop pictures resembling Gyuksul}}</ref>
North Korean Gyuksul started from Subak. Then it evolved to be like Sibak & Gwonbeop by the influence of Byungin Yoon and his art Gwonbeop taught at YMCA, which became a root of Taekwondo. Byungin Yoon's Gwonbeop different from Karate is shown by Cheolheui Park's Pasa-Gwonbeop published when he was young. Byungin Yoon's Gwonbeop influenced both Taekwondo & Gyuksul; the influence is from Muyedobotongji Gwonbeop.
== 트리비아 ==
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