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NATO의 유고슬라비아 공습: 두 판 사이의 차이

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{{전쟁 정보
'''나토의 유고슬라비아 공습'''은 1999년 [[NATO]]가 [[유고슬라비아]]를 공습한 것으로서, [[코소보 전쟁]]의 일부였다.
| 분쟁 = NATO의 유고슬라비아 공습
| 전체 = [[코소보 전쟁]]
| 그림 = Нато бомбе изазивале еколошку катастрофу у Новом Саду.jpeg
| 그림크기 = 340px
| 설명 = 1999년 NATO의 [[노비사드]] 공습으로 시가지 내에 화재가 발생했다.
| 날짜 = 1999년 3월 24일 - 1999년 6월 10일
| 장소 = [[세르비아 몬테네그로|유고슬라비아]]<ref name="nato"/>
| 결과 = NATO 승리<ref>각주:
*Stigler, Andrew L. "A clear victory for air power: NATO's empty threat to invade Kosovo." International Security 27.3 (2003): 124–157.
*Biddle, Stephen. "The new way of war? Debating the Kosovo model." (2002): 138–144.
*Dixon, Paul. "Victory by spin? Britain, the US and the propaganda war over Kosovo." Civil Wars 6.4 (2003): 83–106.
*Harvey, Frank P. "Getting NATO's success in Kosovo right: The theory and logic of counter-coercion." Conflict Management and Peace Science 23.2 (2006): 139–158.</ref>
* [[쿠마노보 조약]] 체결
* [[유엔 코소보 임시 행정부|UNMIK]] 수립
* [[IFOR]] 설치
* [[코소보]]에서 유고슬라비아군 철수
* 유고슬라비아의 경제 및 산업 기반에 큰 피해<ref>[[#Parenti|Parenti (2000)]], pp.&nbsp;198</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.b92.net/eng/news/politics.php?yyyy=2015&mm=03&dd=24&nav_id=93575|title=Serbia marks another anniversary of NATO attacks - English - on B92.net|publisher=|access-date=April 29, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160910043343/http://www.b92.net/eng/news/politics.php?yyyy=2015&mm=03&dd=24&nav_id=93575|archive-date=September 10, 2016|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.huffingtonpost.com/stephen-zunes/the-us-war-on-yugoslavia_b_211172.html|title=The US War on Yugoslavia: Ten Years Later|first=Stephen|last=Zunes|date=July 6, 2009|publisher=|access-date=April 16, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170831132221/http://www.huffingtonpost.com/stephen-zunes/the-us-war-on-yugoslavia_b_211172.html|archive-date=August 31, 2017|dead-url=no}}</ref>
| 교전국1 = {{국기|NATO}}
* {{국기|미국}}
* {{국기|영국}}
* {{국기|독일}}
* {{국기|터키}}
* {{국기|프랑스}}
* {{국기|벨기에}}
* {{국기|캐나다}}
* {{국기|스페인}}
* {{국기|덴마크}}
* {{국기|노르웨이}}
* {{국기|네덜란드}}
* {{국기|이탈리아}}
* {{국기|포르투갈}}
| 교전국2 = {{국기그림|세르비아 몬테네그로}} [[세르비아 몬테네그로|유고슬라비아 연방공화국]]
| 지휘관1 = {{국기그림|NATO}} [[웨슬리 클라크]] <small>[[유럽 연합군 최고사령관|SACEU]]</small><br/ >
{{국기그림|NATO}} [[루퍼트 스미스]] <br/ >
{{국기그림|NATO}} [[하비에르 솔라나]] <br/ >
----
{{국기그림|미국}} [[존 W. 헨드릭스]] <br/ >
{{국기그림|미국}} [[제임스 O. 엘리스]]
| 지휘관2 = {{국기그림|세르비아 몬테네그로}} [[슬로보단 밀로셰비치]] <br/ >
{{국기그림|세르비아 몬테네그로}} [[드라골리주브 오자니치]] <br/ >
{{국기그림|세르비아 몬테네그로}} [[네보차 파브코비치]]
}}
'''NATO의 유고슬라비아 공습'''은 [[유고슬라비아 연방공화국]]에 대해 [[코소보 전쟁]] 기간 동안 북대서양 조약기구가 벌인 군사 작전이다. 공습은 1999년 3월 24일부터 1999년 6월 10일까지 이어졌다. 공식적인 NATO 측의 작전명은 "연합군 작전"이었지만, 미국은 이를 "고귀한 모루 작전"이라고 불렀다.<ref name="Towards a common European security and defence policy: the ways and means of making it a reality"/> 유고슬라비아에서는 미국 측 작전 명이 잘못되어, "감사한 천사" ({{lang|sr|Милосрдни анђео}} / ''Milosrdni anđeo'')로 불리게 되었다.<ref name="RTS-2009">[[Radio Television of Serbia|RTS]]: [http://www.rts.rs/page/stories/ci/story/1/%D0%A1%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0/52257/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE+%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0+%22%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B8+%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%92%D0%B5%D0%BE%22 Порекло имена "Милосрдни анђео" (''On the origin of the name "Merciful Angel")] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121102044701/http://www.rts.rs/page/stories/ci/story/1/%D0%A1%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0/52257/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE+%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0+%22%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B8+%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%92%D0%B5%D0%BE%22 |date=November 2, 2012 }}, March 26, 2009 {{sr icon}}</ref> 공습은 [[유엔 코소보 임시 행정부]]가 들어서고 유고슬라비아군이 코소보에서 철수할 때까지 지속적으로 이어졌다.
 
수천 명의 알바니아인들이 잔혹한 인종청소로 인해 이웃 국가들로 쫓겨나게 되고, 지역의 불안정의 가능성이 제기되면서 [[유엔]], [[북대서양 조약 기구]], [[국제 비정부 기구]]와 같은 여러 국제 단체와 기관들의 개입이 촉발되었다.<ref>{{cite book|last=Jordan|first=Robert S.|title=International organizations: A comparative approach to the management of cooperation|p=129|year=2001|publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group|isbn=9780275965495}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Yoshihara|first=Susan Fink|chapter=Kosovo|pp=67–68|editor1-last=Reveron|editor1-first=Derek S.|editor2-last=Murer|editor2-first=Jeffrey Stevenson|title=Flashpoints in the War on Terrorism|year=2006|publisher=Routledge|isbn=9781135449315}}</ref>
NATO 회원국들은 군사 활동에 대한 [[유엔 안전보장이사회]]의 승인을 얻으려고 했으나 [[중화인민공화국]]과 [[러시아]]가 이 제안에 거부권을 행사했다. NATO는 UN 승인 없이 작전을 개시하기로 했고, 이들은 이를 [[인도주의적 개입]]이라고 묘사했다. 하지만 유고슬라비아 연방공화국은 유엔 안전보장이사회의 지지 없이 NATO가 작전을 개시했기 때문에 [[국제법]]을 위반했으므로, NATO의 작전을 주권 국가에 대한 불법적인 [[침략 전쟁]]이라고 묘사했다.
 
공습 기간 동안 489명에서 528명의 민간인이 사망했고, 군사 시설 및 거점을 비롯해 회사 또는 기업의 건물과 교량, 공공시설, 산업단지가 파괴되었다. 코소보 전쟁을 비롯한 [[유고슬라비아 전쟁]] 이후, [[세르비아]]는 유럽에서 가장 많은 피난민과 [[국내실향민]]이 생긴 국가가 되었다.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.b92.net/eng/news/society.php?yyyy=2011&mm=06&dd=20&nav_id=75016|title=Serbia home to highest number of refugees and IDPs in Europe|date=20 June 2010|publisher=[[B92]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.osce.org/serbia/24323?download=true|title=Serbia: Europe's largest proctracted refugee situation|date=2008|publisher=[[유럽 안보 협력 기구|OSCE]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=el-YZHB8hzYC&lpg=PP1&hl=sr&pg=PP1#v=onepage&q&f=false|title=Shaping South East Europe's Security Community for the Twenty-First Century: Trust, Partnership, Integration|date=7 May 2013|publisher=[[Springer Science+Business Media|Springer]]|page=169|author=S. Cross, S. Kentera, R. Vukadinovic, R. Nation|accessdate=31 January 2017}}</ref>
 
NATO는 보스니아 헤르체고비나에서의 개입 이후 두 번째로 그 역사상 작전을 수행했다. 하지만, 보스니아 헤르체고비나에서의 전쟁과는 달리, 코소보 전쟁 때의 NATO 작전은 유엔의 승인이 없이 이루어진 것이었다. <ref name="rt.com">{{cite web |url=https://www.rt.com/news/yugoslavia-kosovo-nato-bombing-705/ |title=15 years on: Looking back at NATO's 'humanitarian' bombing of Yugoslavia — RT News |newspaper=www.rt.com |date=March 24, 2004 |accessdate=October 26, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161203123353/https://www.rt.com/news/yugoslavia-kosovo-nato-bombing-705/ |archive-date=December 3, 2016 |dead-url=no }}</ref>
 
== 각주 ==
{{reflist|2|refs=
 
<ref name="81-0967 battle damaged in Kosovo during 1999">{{cite web | url=http://www.thewarthogpen.com/81_0967_files/81-0967.html | title=81-0967 battle damaged in Kosovo during 1999 | website=www.thewarthogpen.com | archiveurl=https://archive.is/20120912085747/http://www.thewarthogpen.com/81_0967_files/81-0967.html | archivedate=September 12, 2012 | accessdate=October 26, 2016 | deadurl=yes | df=mdy-all }}</ref>
 
<ref name="A-10 Thunderbolt II DRAFT LISTING">{{cite web|url=http://www.ejection-history.org.uk/Aircraft_by_Type/A-10_Thunderbolt_II.htm|title=A-10 Thunderbolt II Draft Listing|website=www.ejection-history.org.ukaccess|date=August 19, 2011|access-date=February 20, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120119090754/http://www.ejection-history.org.uk/Aircraft_by_Type/A-10_Thunderbolt_II.htm|archive-date=January 19, 2012|dead-url=yes}}</ref>
 
<ref name="acig.org">{{cite web|url=http://www.acig.org/artman/publish/article_380.shtml |title=Yugoslav & Serbian MiG-29s |website=Acig.org |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140214094718/http://www.acig.org/artman/publish/article_380.shtml |archivedate=February 14, 2014 |accessdate=October 26, 2016}}</ref>
 
<ref name="AH-64 Apache">{{cite web |author=John Pike |url=http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/systems/aircraft/ah-64a-ops.htm |title=AH-64 Apache |work=Globalsecurity.org |accessdate=March 13, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110416031110/http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/systems/aircraft/ah-64a-ops.htm |archive-date=April 16, 2011 |dead-url=no }}</ref>
 
<ref name="airforces">Nixon, Mark. "Gallant Knights, MiG-29 in Action during Allied Force." ''AirForces Monthly Magazine'', January 2002</ref>
 
<ref name="artofwar">Генерал Великович на авиашоу (довоенная фотография). 26 марта ему предстояло сбить F-16 (88-0490 [http://artofwar.ru/img/z/zampini_d_f/text_0580/index.shtml ArtOfWar. Иллюстрации к "Рыцари Короля Лазаря"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110703115319/http://artofwar.ru/img/z/zampini_d_f/text_0580/index.shtml |date=July 3, 2011 }}. ''Artofwar.ru'', February 2, 2009. Retrieved October 26, 2016. {{ru icon}}</ref>
 
<ref name="autogenerated1999">{{cite web |url=http://clinton6.nara.gov/1999/06/1999-06-25-press-conference-by-the-president.html |title=Press Conference by the President (Bill Clinton) |date=June 25, 1999 |website=clinton6.nara.gov |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5PwqRh8BE?url=http://clinton6.nara.gov/1999/06/1999-06-25-press-conference-by-the-president.html |archivedate=June 29, 2007 |accessdate=October 26, 2016 |deadurl=yes }}</ref>
 
<ref name="bbc-airport">{{Cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/671495.stm |title=Confrontation over Pristina airport |accessdate=February 8, 2008 |date=March 9, 2000 |work=BBC |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5wlpJPtvr?url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/671495.stm |archivedate=February 25, 2011 |deadurl=no }}</ref>
 
<ref name="bbc">BBC News (November 12, 1999). [http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/517168.stm "Q & A: Counting Kosovo's dead"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100420213141/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/517168.stm |date=April 20, 2010 }}</ref>
 
<ref name="bbc23mar99">{{cite news|title=Nato poised to strike|date=March 23, 1999|work=BBC News|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/301900.stm|accessdate=August 19, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130224082811/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/301900.stm|archive-date=February 24, 2013|dead-url=no}}</ref>
 
<ref name="Belgrade Airport, Serbia – Aircraft Concealment">{{cite web |url=http://www.nato.int/pictures/1999/990419/b990419c.jpg |title=Belgrade Airport, Serbia – Aircraft Concealment |website=www.nato.int |accessdate=April 24, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110629141108/http://www.nato.int/pictures/1999/990419/b990419c.jpg |archive-date=June 29, 2011 |dead-url=no }}</ref>
 
<ref name="Biographies:Lieutenant General Michael C. Short">{{cite web |url=http://www.af.mil/information/bios/bio.asp?bioID=7136 |title=Biographies: Lieutenant General Michael C. Short |website=Af.mil |date= |accessdate=January 20, 2012 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://archive.is/20120722192345/http://www.af.mil/information/bios/bio.asp?bioID=7136 |archivedate=July 22, 2012 }}</ref>
 
<ref name="bombardment">K. Webb, 'Strategic Bombardment & Kosovo: Evidence from the Boer War', ''Defense & Security Analysis'', September 2008, Volume 24, Edition 3</ref>
 
<ref name="chicagotribune">Steven Erlanger, "Human-rights Group Assails Nato For Yugoslavia Bombing Campaign", ''Chicago Tribune'', Chicago, June 8, 2000, [http://articles.chicagotribune.com/2000-06-08/news/0006080080_1_nato-violated-international-law-civilian-object-nato-forces.html] {{Webarchive|url=https://archive.is/20120710033407/http://articles.chicagotribune.com/2000-06-08/news/0006080080_1_nato-violated-international-law-civilian-object-nato-forces.html |date=July 10, 2012 }}</ref>
 
<ref name="Civilian Deaths in the NATO Air Campaign – The Crisis in Kosovo">{{cite web |url=https://www.hrw.org/reports/2000/nato/Natbm200-01.htm |title=Civilian Deaths in the NATO Air Campaign – The Crisis in Kosovo |website=Hrw.org |accessdate=March 13, 2011 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5gkMFuUlp?url=http://www.hrw.org/reports/2000/nato/Natbm200-01.htm |archivedate=May 13, 2009 |deadurl=yes }}</ref>
 
<ref name="clintonfoundation">Clinton, Bill (May 13, 1999). {{cite web |url=http://www.clintonfoundation.org/legacy/051399-speech-by-president-to-veterans-organizations-on-kosovo.htm |title=Speech by President to Veterans Organizations on Kosovo |website=www.clintonfoundation.org |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927022255/http://www.clintonfoundation.org/legacy/051399-speech-by-president-to-veterans-organizations-on-kosovo.htm |archivedate=September 27, 2007 |accessdate=October 26, 2016 |deadurl=yes }}</ref>
 
<ref name="cnn">[http://www.cnn.com/WORLD/europe/9904/29/kosovo.03/ "NATO hits Montenegro, says Milosevic faces dissent"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080409191806/http://www.cnn.com/WORLD/europe/9904/29/kosovo.03/ |date=April 9, 2008 }}, ''[[CNN]]'', April 29, 1999.</ref>
 
<ref name="cnn9">[http://www.cnn.com/US/9903/23/u.s.kosovo.04/ "Clinton: Serbs must be stopped now"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080516090035/http://www.cnn.com/US/9903/23/u.s.kosovo.04/ |date=May 16, 2008 }}. ''CNN'', March 23, 1999.</ref>
 
<ref name="collision">Talbott, Strobe, author of the foreword in {{cite book|last=Norris|first=John|title=Collision Course: NATO, Russia, and Kosovo|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LFRq31tqR4sC|year=2005|publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group|isbn=978-0-275-98753-4}}</ref>
 
<ref name="CRISIS IN THE BALKANS: THE AIR THREAT; Out of NATO's Reach: Yugoslavia's Treetop War – New York Times">{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1999/04/24/world/crisis-balkans-air-threat-nato-s-reach-yugoslavia-s-treetop-war.html |title=Crisis in the Balkans: The air threat; Out of NATO's Reach: Yugoslavia's Treetop War |work=The New York Times |date=April 24, 1999 |accessdate=March 13, 2011 |first=Eric |last=Schmitt |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130618025339/http://www.nytimes.com/1999/04/24/world/crisis-balkans-air-threat-nato-s-reach-yugoslavia-s-treetop-war.html |archive-date=June 18, 2013 |dead-url=no }}</ref>
 
<ref name="das">Riccioni, Colonel Everest E. [http://www.pogo.org#prof "Description of our Failing Defence Acquisition System."] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110912231713/http://www.pogo.org/#prof |date=September 12, 2011 }} Project on government oversight, March 8, 2005. Note: "This event, which occurred during the Kosovo conflict on March 27, was a major blow to the US Air Force. The aircraft was special: an F-117 Nighthawk stealth bomber that should have been all but invisible to the Serbian air defences. And this certainly wasn't a fluke—a few nights later, Serb missiles damaged a second F-117."</ref>
 
<ref name="Dead link">{{cite web |url=http://daccessdds.un.org/doc/UNDOC/GEN/N99/086/80/PDF/N9908680.pdf?OpenElement |title=ODS – Sédoc |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5PwqRp7vR?url=http://daccessdds.un.org/doc/UNDOC/GEN/N99/086/80/PDF/N9908680.pdf?OpenElement |archivedate=June 29, 2007 }}</ref>
 
<ref name="defenselink">Cohen, William (April 7, 1999). [http://www.defenselink.mil/transcripts/1999/t04091999_t407nato.html "Secretary Cohen's Press Conference at NATO Headquarters"]. ''www.defensivelink.mil''. {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070930013053/http://www.defenselink.mil/transcripts/1999/t04091999_t407nato.html |date=September 30, 2007 }}</ref>
 
<ref name="Depleted Uranium in Serbia and Montenegro: UNEP Post-Conflict Environmental Assessment in the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia">{{cite web|url=http://postconflict.unep.ch/publications/duserbiamont.pdf|title=Depleted Uranium in Serbia and Montenegro: UNEP Post-Conflict Environmental Assessment in the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia|website=postconflict.unep.ch|accessdate=April 20, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110707005038/http://postconflict.unep.ch/publications/duserbiamont.pdf|archive-date=July 7, 2011|dead-url=no}}</ref>
 
<ref name="dictionaryofwar">{{cite web |url=http://dictionaryofwar.org/concepts/Safe_Distance |title=Safe distance |date= February 24, 2007 |website= dictionaryofwar.org |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150308143618/http://dictionaryofwar.org/concepts/Safe_Distance |archivedate=March 8, 2015 |accessdate=October 26, 2016 }} [[Found footage (appropriation)|Found footage]] from the cockpit of the shot down F117.</ref>
 
<ref name="Dumbaugh">{{cite web|url=http://congressionalresearch.com/RS20547/document.php|title=Chinese Embassy Bombing in Belgrade:Compensation Issues|accessdate=April 8, 2010|last=Dumbaugh|first=Kerry|date=April 12, 2000|work=Congressional Research Service publication|quote=|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110813224240/http://congressionalresearch.com/RS20547/document.php|archive-date=August 13, 2011|dead-url=no}}</ref>
 
<ref name="ejection-history1">{{cite web |url=http://www.ejection-history.org.uk/Country-By-Country/Serbia_Montenegro.htm |title=Chronological Listing of Federal Republic of Yugoslavia |work=Ejection-history.org.uk |accessdate=March 13, 2011 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5mr8LTOAA?url=http://www.ejection-history.org.uk/Country-By-Country/Serbia_Montenegro.htm |archivedate=January 17, 2010 |deadurl=yes }}</ref>
 
<ref name="erlanger">Erlanger, Steven (November 11, 1999). "Early Count Hints at Fewer Kosovo Deaths". ''The New York Times'', p. A6.</ref>
 
<ref name="faqs">{{cite web|url=http://www.faqs.org/docs/air/avf15_2.html |title=F-15 in Service |website=Faqs.org |accessdate=October 26, 2016| archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20040101232837/http://www.faqs.org/docs/air/avf15_2.html| archivedate=January 1, 2004| deadurl=no}}</ref>
 
<ref name="Final Report to the Prosecutor by the Committee Established to Review the NATO Bombing Campaign Against the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia">{{cite web|title=Final Report to the Prosecutor by the Committee Established to Review the NATO Bombing Campaign Against the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia|url=http://www.icty.org/sid/10052#IVB4|work=UNICTY|access-date=September 26, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120914161551/http://www.icty.org/sid/10052#IVB4|archive-date=September 14, 2012|dead-url=no}}</ref>
 
<ref name="FINAL VOTE RESULTS FOR ROLL CALL 103">{{cite web| title=Final Vote Results for Roll Call 103| url=http://clerk.house.gov/evs/1999/roll103.xml| website=clerk.house.gov| accessdate=August 19, 2011| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121018053553/http://clerk.house.gov/evs/1999/roll103.xml| archive-date=October 18, 2012| dead-url=no| df=mdy-all}}</ref>
 
<ref name="FINAL VOTE RESULTS FOR ROLL CALL 49">{{cite web| title= Final Vote Results for Roll Call 49| url=http://clerk.house.gov/evs/1999/roll049.xml| website=clerk.house.gov| accessdate=August 19, 2011| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121018050344/http://clerk.house.gov/evs/1999/roll049.xml| archive-date=October 18, 2012| dead-url=no| df=mdy-all}}</ref>
 
<ref name="First planes land at Pristina airport">{{cite web |author=Corpus Christi Caller Times |url=http://www.caller2.com/1999/june/27/today/national/2493.html |title=First planes land at Pristina airport |website=Caller2.com |date=June 27, 1999 |accessdate=March 24, 2009 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090305034119/http://www.caller2.com/1999/june/27/today/national/2493.html |archivedate=March 5, 2009 |deadurl=yes }}</ref>
 
<ref name="fraser">{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/6247401.stm|title=Uranium 'killing Italian troops'|work=BBC News|first=Christian|last=Fraser|date=January 10, 2007|accessdate=August 19, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111202100715/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/6247401.stm|archive-date=December 2, 2011|dead-url=no}}</ref>
 
<ref name="frontline1">{{cite web |url=https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/kosovo/etc/facts.html |title=frontline: war in europe: facts & figures |work=Pbs.org |date= |accessdate=January 20, 2012 |archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/6CLyfvBkZ?url=http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/kosovo/etc/facts.html |archive-date=November 22, 2012 |dead-url=no }}</ref>
 
<ref name="general">General Wesley Clark, ''Waging Modern War'', (New York: Public Affairs, 2001), pp. 305, 425</ref>
 
<ref name="genocide">Clines, Francis X (March 30, 1999). "NATO Hunting for Serb Forces; U.S. Reports Signs of 'Genocide'". ''The New York Times'', p. A1.</ref>
 
<ref name="globalsecurity">{{cite web |url=http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/ops/allied_force_orbat_trends.htm |title=Operation Determined Force / Allied Force Order of Battle Trends |website=Globalsecurity.org |accessdate=October 26, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161224162846/http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/ops/allied_force_orbat_trends.htm |archive-date=December 24, 2016 |dead-url=no }}</ref>
 
<ref name="globalsecurity1">{{cite web |author=John Pike |url=http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/ops/allied_force.htm |title=Operation Allied Force |website=Globalsecurity.org |date= |accessdate=January 20, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120304075218/http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/ops/allied_force.htm |archive-date=March 4, 2012 |dead-url=no }}</ref>
 
<ref name="GroupedRef2">{{cite web |url=http://www.b92.net/eng/news/politics.php?yyyy=2011&mm=03&dd=24&nav_id=73402 |title=Serbia marks anniversary of NATO bombing |work=B92.net |date= |accessdate=January 20, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131104171639/http://www.b92.net/eng/news/politics.php?yyyy=2011&mm=03&dd=24&nav_id=73402 |archive-date=November 4, 2013 |dead-url=no }}</ref>
 
<ref name="GroupedRef3">{{cite web |url=http://www.tanjug.rs/news/36691/13th-anniversary-of-nato-bombing.htm |title=13th anniversary of NATO bombing |website=tanjug.rs |date=March 24, 2012 |accessdate=April 15, 2012 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120512040559/http://www.tanjug.rs/news/36691/13th-anniversary-of-nato-bombing.htm |archivedate=May 12, 2012 }}</ref>
 
<ref name="GroupedRef4">{{cite web |url=http://archive.defense.gov/specials/kosovo/ |title=NATO Operation Allied Force |website=Defense.gov |date= |accessdate=January 20, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161118053558/http://archive.defense.gov/specials/kosovo/ |archive-date=November 18, 2016 |dead-url=no }}</ref>
 
<ref name="history">Gray in Cox and Gray 2002, p. 339</ref>
 
<ref name="history3">Ritche in Cox and Gray 2002, p. 328.</ref>
 
<ref name="Holloman commander recalls being shot down in Serbia">{{cite web|url=http://www.f-16.net/news_article2167.html |title=Holloman commander recalls being shot down in Serbia |website=F-16.net |accessdate=March 24, 2009| archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090328173307/http://www.f-16.net/news_article2167.html| archivedate=March 28, 2009| deadurl=no}}</ref>
 
<ref name="hosmer2001">Hosmer, 2001, p. 117</ref>
 
<ref name="hosmer5">Hosmer, 2001, pp. 88–9</ref>
 
<ref name="hrw.org">{{cite web |url=https://www.hrw.org/legacy/reports/2000/nato/Natbm200-01.htm |title=Civilian Deaths in the NATO Air Campaign – The Crisis in Kosovo |work=HRW |date= |accessdate=January 20, 2012 |archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/5gkMFj1v2?url=http://www.hrw.org/legacy/reports/2000/nato/Natbm200-01.htm |archive-date=May 13, 2009 |dead-url=no }}</ref>
 
<ref name="hrw">[https://www.hrw.org/legacy/reports/2000/nato/Natbm200-01.htm "The Crisis in Kosovo"] {{webarchive|url=https://www.webcitation.org/5gkMFj1v2?url=http://www.hrw.org/legacy/reports/2000/nato/Natbm200-01.htm |date=May 13, 2009 }}</ref>
 
<ref name="Kosovo operation allied force after-action report">{{cite journal|url=http://www.au.af.mil/au/awc/awcgate/kosovoaa/kaar02072000.pdf|title=Report to Congress: Kosovo operation allied force after-action report|website=www.au.af.mil|date=January 30, 2000|pages=31–32|accessdate=October 26, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161102034549/http://www.au.af.mil/au/awc/awcgate/kosovoaa/kaar02072000.pdf|archive-date=November 2, 2016|dead-url=no}}</ref>
 
<ref name="lambeth">Lambeth, 2001, p. 74</ref>
 
<ref name="Larsen">{{cite web |url=http://ics.leeds.ac.uk/papers/pmt/exhibits/927/Serbio.pdf |title=Air University – Serbian Information Operations During Operation Allied Force |date= |accessdate=January 20, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110928052816/http://ics.leeds.ac.uk/papers/pmt/exhibits/927/Serbio.pdf |archive-date=September 28, 2011 |dead-url=no }}</ref>
 
<ref name="mondediplo">{{cite web |url=http://mondediplo.com/2002/03/03uranium |title=America's big dirty secret |date=March 3, 2002 |work=mondediplo.com |accessdate=August 19, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110805042327/http://mondediplo.com/2002/03/03uranium |archive-date=August 5, 2011 |dead-url=no }}</ref>
 
<ref name="moon">{{cite web|url=http://nl.newsbank.com/nl-search/we/Archives?p_product=AT&p_theme=at&p_action=search&p_maxdocs=200&p_topdoc=1&p_text_direct-0=0EADA4695E8E4162&p_field_direct-0=document_id&p_perpage=10&p_sort=YMD_date:D&s_trackval=GooglePM#prof|title=AJC.com Archive Search Results|website=nl.newsbank.com|access-date=January 30, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110609004521/http://nl.newsbank.com/nl-search/we/Archives?p_product=AT&p_theme=at&p_action=search&p_maxdocs=200&p_topdoc=1&p_text_direct-0=0EADA4695E8E4162&p_field_direct-0=document_id&p_perpage=10&p_sort=YMD_date:D&s_trackval=GooglePM#prof|archive-date=June 9, 2011|dead-url=no}}</ref>
 
<ref name="NATO & America losses in Serbia 1999">{{cite web|url= http://www.irandefence.net/showthread.php?t=1403 |title=NATO & America losses in Serbia 1999 | work=Irandefence.net |accessdate=March 24, 2009| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20090305062409/http://www.irandefence.net/showthread.php?t=1403| archivedate=March 5, 2009| deadurl=no}}</ref>
 
<ref name="Nato loses two planes">{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/333596.stm |title=Nato loses two planes |work=BBC News |date=May 2, 1999 |accessdate=August 19, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140114054719/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/333596.stm |archive-date=January 14, 2014 |dead-url=no }}</ref>
 
<ref name="NATO plane downed">{{cite journal|url=https://www.pbs.org/newshour/bb/europe/jan-june99/f117a_3-27.html |journal=PBS |title=NATO plane downed |accessdate=August 19, 2011 |deadurl=unfit |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20000423150421/http://www.pbs.org/newshour/bb/europe/jan-june99/f117a_3-27.html |archivedate=April 23, 2000 }}</ref>
 
<!--<ref name="Nato warns Milosevic off Montenegro">{{cite journal | url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/310527.stm | title=Nato warns Milosevic off Montenegro |website=news.bbc.co.uk |date=April 2, 1999 | accessdate=December 31, 2009}}</ref> -->
 
<ref name="NATO_situation">{{cite web|author=NATO |url=http://www.nato.int/docu/pr/1999/p99-051e.htm |title=The situation in and around Kosovo|date=April 12, 1999 |accessdate=August 2, 2011| website=www.nato.int |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110629141056/http://www.nato.int/docu/pr/1999/p99-051e.htm| archivedate=June 29, 2011| deadurl=no}}</ref>
 
<ref name="nato">{{cite web |url=http://www.nato.int/kosovo/all-frce.htm#pb |title=NATO & Kosovo: Index Page |website=www.nato.int |accessdate=October 26, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160912233627/http://www.nato.int/kosovo/all-frce.htm#pb |archive-date=September 12, 2016 |dead-url=no }}</ref>
 
<!--<ref name="nato1">[http://www.nato.int/kosovo/history.htm "NATO's role in relation to the conflict in Kosovo"], ''www.nato.int'', July 15, 1999. Retrieved October 26, 2016</ref> -->
 
<ref name="nato7">{{cite web |url=http://www.jfcnaples.nato.int/page7196179.aspx |title=JFC NAPLES – Allied Joint Force Command Naples &#124; Operation Allied Force |work=Jfcnaples.nato.int |date= |accessdate=January 20, 2012 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=http://veebiarhiiv.digar.ee/a/20101112200638/http%3A//www.jfcnaples.nato.int/page7196179.aspx |archivedate=November 12, 2010 }}</ref>
 
<ref name="Norske jagerfly på vingene i går">{{cite web |url=http://tux1.aftenposten.no/nyheter/uriks/kosovo/d74906.htm |title=Norske jagerfly på vingene i går |newspaper=[[Aftenposten]] |date=March 26, 1999 |author=Reidun J. Samuelsen |accessdate=October 26, 2016 |language=Norwegian |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120119062654/http://tux1.aftenposten.no/nyheter/uriks/kosovo/d74906.htm |archivedate=January 19, 2012 }}</ref>
 
<ref name="nytimes">''New York Times'' (March 12, 1999) [https://archive.is/20120714044040/http://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=F60714FB3F5A0C718DDDAA0894D1494D81 "In Vote Clinton Sought to Avoid, House Backs a Force for Kosovo"]</ref>
 
<ref name="nytimes10">''New York Times'' (April 29, 1999) [https://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=FB0D1EFF3A590C738FDDAD0894D1494D81 House G.O.P. Adds Billions for Military In Balkans Package"]</ref>
 
<ref name="On the Concurrent Resolution (S.Con.Res. 21 )">{{cite web | url=https://www.senate.gov/legislative/LIS/roll_call_lists/roll_call_vote_cfm.cfm?congress=106&session=1&vote=00057 | title=On the Concurrent Resolution (S.Con.Res. 21 ) | work=www.senate.gov | accessdate=August 19, 2011 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111102201817/http://www.senate.gov/legislative/LIS/roll_call_lists/roll_call_vote_cfm.cfm?congress=106&session=1&vote=00057 | archive-date=November 2, 2011 | dead-url=no | df=mdy-all }}</ref>
 
<ref name="Operation Allied Force - Operation Allied Force in Kosovo">{{cite web |url=http://militaryhistory.about.com/od/battleswars1900s/p/alliedforce.htm |title=Operation Allied Force – Operation Allied Force in Kosovo |website=Militaryhistory.about.com |date= |accessdate=September 27, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121119015125/http://militaryhistory.about.com/od/battleswars1900s/p/alliedforce.htm |archive-date=November 19, 2012 |dead-url=no }}</ref>
 
<ref name="Photos: General Dynamics F-16CG Night Falcon (401) Aircraft Pictures">{{cite web |url=http://www.airliners.net/photo/USA---Air/General-Dynamics-F-16CG/0375209&tbl=&photo_nr=11&sok=&sort=&prev_id=0376094&next_id=0319734 |title=Photos: General Dynamics F-16CG Night Falcon (401) Aircraft Pictures |website=Airliners.net |accessdate=March 24, 2009 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090329222810/http://www.airliners.net/photo/USA---Air/General-Dynamics-F-16CG/0375209%26tbl%3D%26photo_nr%3D11%26sok%3D%26sort%3D%26prev_id%3D0376094%26next_id%3D0319734 |archivedate=March 29, 2009 |deadurl=no }}</ref>
 
<ref name="Photos: Lockheed F-117A Nighthawk Aircraft Pictures">{{cite web| url=http://www.airliners.net/photo/USA---Air/Lockheed-F-117A-Nighthawk/1290484&tbl=&photo_nr=0&sok=&sort=&prev_id=&next_id=1080801| title=Photos: Lockheed F-117A Nighthawk Aircraft Pictures| publisher=Airliners.net| accessdate=March 24, 2009| archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090329222815/http://www.airliners.net/photo/USA---Air/Lockheed-F-117A-Nighthawk/1290484%26tbl%3D%26photo_nr%3D0%26sok%3D%26sort%3D%26prev_id%3D%26next_id%3D1080801| archivedate=March 29, 2009| deadurl=no| df=mdy-all}}</ref>
 
<ref name="preparedness">Statistic from: "The Kosovo refugee crisis: an independent evaluation of UNHCR's emergency preparedness and response", UNHCR Evaluation and Policy Analysis Unit, February 2000.</ref>
 
<ref name="Press Statement by Dr. Javier Solana, NATO Secretary General following the Commencement of Air Operations">{{cite press release|title=Press Statement by Dr. Javier Solana, NATO Secretary General following the Commencement of Air Operations|date=March 24, 1999|publisher=NATO|url=http://www.nato.int/docu/pr/1999/p99-041e.htm|accessdate=August 19, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111127124645/http://www.nato.int/docu/pr/1999/p99-041e.htm|archive-date=November 27, 2011|dead-url=no}}</ref>
 
<ref name="Press Statement by Dr. Javier Solana, Secretary General of NATO">{{cite press release|title=Press Statement by Dr. Javier Solana, Secretary General of NATO|date=March 23, 1999|publisher=NATO|url=http://www.nato.int/docu/pr/1999/p99-040e.htm|accessdate=August 19, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111127131817/http://www.nato.int/docu/pr/1999/p99-040e.htm|archive-date=November 27, 2011|dead-url=no}}</ref>
 
<ref name="rand">Lambeth, 2001, pp. 69–70</ref>
 
<ref name="ritchie">Ritchie in Cox and Gray 2002, p. 325</ref>
 
<ref name="ritchie6">Ritchie in Cox and Gray 2002, p. 328</ref>
 
<ref name="Rozen">{{cite web |last=Zoller |first=Matt |url=http://archive.salon.com/news/feature/2000/10/31/serbia/print.html |title=Laura Rozen: Serbia's culture shock |work=Archive.salon.com |date= |accessdate=January 20, 2012 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080210045137/http://archive.salon.com/news/feature/2000/10/31/serbia/print.html |archivedate=February 10, 2008 }}</ref>
 
<ref name="Security Council Rejects Demand for Cessation of Use of Force Against Federal Republic of Yugoslavia">{{cite journal | url=https://www.un.org/News/Press/docs/1999/19990326.sc6659.html | title=Security Council Rejects Demand for Cessation of Use of Force Against Federal Republic of Yugoslavia | publisher=United Nations Organisation | date=March 26, 1999 | accessdate=April 19, 2009 | journal= | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090301043917/http://www.un.org/News/Press/docs/1999/19990326.sc6659.html | archive-date=March 1, 2009 | dead-url=no | df=mdy-all }}</ref>
 
<ref name="SENSE Tribunal : ICTY">{{cite web|author=daenet d.o.o. |url=http://www.sense-agency.com/en/stream.php?sta=3&pid=5748&kat=3 |title=SENSE Tribunal : ICTY |website=Sense-agency.com |date=March 24, 1999 |accessdate=March 24, 2009|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090309071300/http://www.sense-agency.com/en/stream.php?sta=3&pid=5748&kat=3 |archivedate=March 9, 2009|deadurl=yes}}</ref>
 
<ref name="Serb discusses 1999 downing of stealth">{{cite news |title=Serb discusses 1999 downing of stealth |work=USA Today |date=October 26, 2005 |url=https://www.usatoday.com/news/world/2005-10-26-serb-stealth_x.htm |accessdate=May 8, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070518131932/http://www.usatoday.com/news/world/2005-10-26-serb-stealth_x.htm |archive-date=May 18, 2007 |dead-url=no }}</ref>
 
<ref name="Singer James Blunt 'prevented World War III'">{{cite news|title=Singer James Blunt 'prevented World War III'|work=BBC|date=November 14, 2010|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-11753050|access-date=June 20, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180730055138/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-11753050|archive-date=July 30, 2018|dead-url=no}}</ref>
 
<ref name="specialist">Sergeant William Wright&nbsp;—B Company 9th Engineers (July 17, 1999); Specialist Sherwood Brim&nbsp;—B Company 9th Engineers(July 17, 1999); Private First Class Benjamin McGill&nbsp;– C Company 1st Battalion 26th Infantry (August 5, 1995).</ref>
 
<ref name="sponauer1">{{cite web |url=http://www.sponauer.com/a-10/index.html |title=John Sponauer – Hogs in a Hot Peace: The A-10 Since Desert Storm |website=Sponauer.com |accessdate=March 13, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110520062356/http://sponauer.com/a-10/index.html |archive-date=May 20, 2011 |dead-url=no }}</ref>
 
<ref name="Task Force Hawk">{{cite web |last=Lambeth |first=Benjamin S. |url=http://www.airforce-magazine.com/MagazineArchive/Pages/2002/February%202002/0202hawk.aspx |title=Task Force Hawk |website=Airforce-magazine.com |date= |accessdate=September 27, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121116222244/http://www.airforce-magazine.com/MagazineArchive/Pages/2002/February%202002/0202hawk.aspx |archive-date=November 16, 2012 |dead-url=no }}</ref>
 
<ref name="telegraph">John Keegan, [https://www.telegraph.co.uk/htmlContent.jhtml?html=/archive/1999/06/06/wkee06.html "Please, Mr Blair, never take such a risk again"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20041125191756/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/htmlContent.jhtml?html=%2Farchive%2F1999%2F06%2F06%2Fwkee06.html |date=November 25, 2004 }}. ''Telegraph'', London, June 6, 1999.</ref>
 
<ref name="telegraph2">Andrew Gilligan, [https://www.telegraph.co.uk/htmlContent.jhtml?html=/archive/1998/04/02/nsprin02.html "Russia, not bombs, brought end to war in Kosovo, says Jackson"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050414004950/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/htmlContent.jhtml?html=%2Farchive%2F1998%2F04%2F02%2Fnsprin02.html |date=April 14, 2005 }}. ''Telegraph'', April 2, 1998</ref>
 
<ref name="The Kosovo Report: Conflict, International Response, Lessons Learned">>{{cite book|author=[[Independent International Commission on Kosovo]]|title=The Kosovo Report: Conflict, International Response, Lessons Learned|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=p0gVDAAAQBAJ|date=October 19, 2000|publisher=OUP Oxford|isbn=978-0-19-924309-9}}</ref>
 
<ref name="The lessons and non-lessons of the air and missile campaign in Kosovo">{{cite book|last=Cordesman|first=Anthony H.|title=The Lessons and Non-lessons of the Air and Missile Campaign in Kosovo|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gJu9Hh5n5o4C|year=2001|publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group|isbn=978-0-275-97230-1|page=349}}</ref>
 
<ref name="The United States, NATO, and a New Multilateral Relationship">{{cite book | title= The United States, NATO, and a New Multilateral Relationship | first= Frank R. | last= Douglas | year= 2008 | page= 98 | publisher= Greenwood Publishing | isbn= 978-0-313-34476-3 | url= https://books.google.com/books?id=ywDdraB4gV8C&pg=PA98}}</ref>
 
<ref name="Towards a common European security and defence policy: the ways and means of making it a reality">{{cite book |title=Towards a common European security and defence policy: the ways and means of making it a reality |last=Bonnén |first=Preben |year=2003 |publisher=LIT Verlag Berlin-Hamburg-Münster |isbn=978-3-8258-6711-9 |page=188 }}</ref>
 
<ref name="Turkish Air Force">{{cite web |url=http://www.hvkk.tsk.tr/PageSub/Kurumumuz/Tarihce/1944-Today.aspx |title=Turkish Air Force |website=Hvkk.tsk.tr |accessdate=March 24, 2009 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5gkMG8rDC?url=http://www.hvkk.tsk.tr/PageSub/Kurumumuz/Tarihce/1944-Today.aspx |archivedate=May 13, 2009 |deadurl=yes }}</ref>
 
<ref name="twodie">[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/335709.stm "Two die in Apache crash"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080406055137/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/335709.stm |date=April 6, 2008 }}, BBC May 5, 1999.</ref>
 
<ref name="verdict">[http://www.pescanik.net/content/view/2764/65/ "The verdict of the Hague Tribunal"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100518184511/http://www.pescanik.net/content/view/2764/65 |date=May 18, 2010 }} (Serbian)</ref>
 
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<ref name="War Crimes in Kosovo">{{cite web |url=https://www.hrw.org/legacy/reports/2001/kosovo/undword.htm |title=War Crimes in Kosovo |work=HRW |date= |accessdate=January 20, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110608205106/http://www.hrw.org/legacy/reports/2001/kosovo/undword.htm |archive-date=June 8, 2011 |dead-url=no }}</ref>-->
 
<ref name="washington">Schlafly, Phyllis (November 19, 1999). "Numbers Game in Kosovo". ''Washington Times''.</ref>
 
<ref name="washingtonpost">{{cite web |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/inatl/daily/april99/soldiers040299.htm |title=We're Trapped . . . We Can't Get Out' |newspaper=The Washington Post |date=April 2, 1999 |author=Daniel Williams |accessdate=October 26, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303205503/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/inatl/daily/april99/soldiers040299.htm |archive-date=March 3, 2016 |dead-url=no }}</ref>
 
<ref name="washingtonpost8">Doggett, Tom (May 16, 1999). [https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/inatl/longterm/balkans/stories/cohen051699.htm "Cohen Fears 100,000 Kosovo Men Killed by Serbs"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170910055341/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/inatl/longterm/balkans/stories/cohen051699.htm |date=September 10, 2017 }}. ''The Washington Post''.</ref>
 
<ref name="wp99mar24">{{cite news|title=NATO Mobilizes for Attack / Yugoslavia declares state of emergency|last=Gellman|first=Barton|date=March 24, 1999|publisher=San Francisco Chronicle|work=[[Washington Post]]|url=http://articles.sfgate.com/1999-03-24/news/17681243_1_nato-secretary-general-javier-solana-kosovo-s-ethnic-albanian-rebels-yugoslav-army|accessdate=August 19, 2011|archive-url=https://archive.is/20130104164612/http://articles.sfgate.com/1999-03-24/news/17681243_1_nato-secretary-general-javier-solana-kosovo-s-ethnic-albanian-rebels-yugoslav-army|archive-date=January 4, 2013|dead-url=no}}</ref>
 
<ref name="Yugoslav">{{cite web|url=http://www.acig.org/artman/publish/article_380.shtml |title=Yugoslav & Serbian MiG-29s |website=Acig.org |accessdate=March 24, 2009| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20090410044537/http://acig.org/artman/publish/article_380.shtml| archivedate=April 10, 2009| deadurl= no}}</ref>
 
<ref name="Yugoslavia says village death toll tops 100">{{cite news| url=http://www.cnn.com/WORLD/europe/9905/14/kosovo.03/| publisher=CNN| title=Yugoslavia says village death toll tops 100| accessdate=August 19, 2011| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121026141759/http://www.cnn.com/WORLD/europe/9905/14/kosovo.03/| archive-date=October 26, 2012| dead-url=no| df=mdy-all}}</ref>
}}
 
 
 
[[분류:코소보 전쟁]]
[[분류:1999년 유고슬라비아]]
[[분류:1999년 분쟁]]
[[분류:빌 클린턴 행정부]]
[[분류:미국의 전쟁]]
[[분류:영국의 전쟁]]
[[분류:독일의 전쟁]]
[[분류:터키의 전쟁]]
[[분류:프랑스의 전쟁]]
[[분류:스페인의 전쟁]]
[[분류:벨기에의 전쟁]]
[[분류:캐나다의 전쟁]]
[[분류:덴마크의 전쟁]]
[[분류:네덜란드의 전쟁]]
[[분류:이탈리아의 전쟁]]
[[분류:포르투갈의 전쟁]]
[[분류:발칸반도의 전쟁]]
[[분류:미국-세르비아 관계]]
[[분류:미국의 전쟁]]
원본 주소 "https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/NATO의_유고슬라비아_공습"