우파 자유지상주의: 두 판 사이의 차이

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Wanle (토론 | 기여)
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우파 자유지상주의(Right-Liberalism)는 소극적 권리와 자연법 등을 강조하는 정치 철학이며 현대 복지국가의 주요한 반전 형태이다.<ref>{{서적 인용|title=Political Ideologies|last=Baradat|first=Leon P.|publisher=Routledge|year=2015|isbn=978-1317345558|location=|pages=}}</ref> 우파 자유지상주의자들은 사유재산권을 강하게 지지하며 천연자원이 시장을 통해 분배되어야 한다는 관점을 강하게 옹호한다.<ref>Kymlicka, Will (2005) "libertarianism, left-". In Honderich, Ted. ''The Oxford Companion to Philosophy: New Edition''. New York: Oxford University Press. p. 516. {{ISBN|978-0199264797}}. "Right-wing libertarians argue that the right of self-ownership entails the right to appropriate unequal parts of the external world, such as unequal amounts of land."</ref> 이런 입장은 천연 자원이 평등주의적인 형태로 누구도 소유해선 안되거나 공유되어야 한다고 주장하는 좌파 자유지상주의와는 대조를 이룬다. 우파 자유지상주의는 [[아나르코자본주의|아나코 캐피탈리즘]], [[자유방임]], [[야경국가|미나키즘]] 등을 포함한다.<ref group="주석">* Marshall, Peter (2008). ''[[Demanding the Impossible: A History of Anarchism]]''. London: Harper Perennial. p. 565. "In its moderate form, right libertarianism embraces ''laissez-faire'' liberals like Robert Nozick who call for a minimal State, and in its extreme form, anarcho-capitalists like Murray Rothbard and David Friedman who entirely repudiate the role of the State and look to the market as a means of ensuring social order".
* Goodway, David (2006). ''[[Anarchist Seeds Beneath the Snow: Left-Libertarian Thought and British Writers from William Morris to Colin Ward]]''. Liverpool: Liverpool University Press. [https://books.google.com/books?id=Fgya85u7S-4C&pg=PA4&dq=anarcho-capitalism+right+libertarian&hl=en&ei=YRWYTNmFNcL98Abz7N3sDw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=10&ved=0CFQQ6AEwCQ#v=onepage&q=anarcho-capitalism%20right%20libertarian&f=false p. 4]. {{ISBN|1846310253}}, {{ISBN|978-1846310256}}. "'Libertarian' and 'libertarianism' are frequently employed by anarchists as synonyms for 'anarchist' and 'anarchism', largely as an attempt to distance themselves from the negative connotations of 'anarchy' and its derivatives. The situation has been vastly complicated in recent decades with the rise of anarcho-capitalism, 'minimal statism' and an extreme right-wing ''laissez-faire'' philosophy advocated by such theorists as Murray Rothbard and Robert Nozick and their adoption of the words 'libertarian' and 'libertarianism'. It has therefore now become necessary to distinguish between their right libertarianism and the left libertarianism of the anarchist tradition".
* Newman, Saul (2010). ''The Politics of Postanarchism'', Edinburgh University Press. [https://books.google.com/books?id=SiqBiViUsOkC&pg=PA43&dq=anarcho-capitalism+right+libertarian&hl=en&ei=TxeYTKOLFYH-8Aaa77WlAQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=3&ved=0CDEQ6AEwAjge#v=onepage&q=anarcho-capitalism%20right%20libertarian&f=false p. 43]. {{ISBN|0748634959}}, {{ISBN|978-0748634958}}. "It is important to distinguish between anarchism and certain strands of right-wing libertarianism which at times go by the same name (for example, Murray Rothbard's anarcho-capitalism). There is a complex debate within this tradition between those like Robert Nozick, who advocate a 'minimal state', and those like Rothbard who want to do away with the state altogether and allow all transactions to be governed by the market alone. From an anarchist perspective, however, both positions—the minimal state (minarchist) and the no-state ('anarchist') positions—neglect the problem of economic domination; in other words, they neglect the hierarchies, oppressions, and forms of exploitation that would inevitably arise in a ''laissez-faire'' 'free' market. [...] Anarchism, therefore, has no truck with this right-wing libertarianism, not only because it neglects economic inequality and domination, but also because in practice (and theory) it is highly inconsistent and contradictory. The individual freedom invoked by right-wing libertarians is only a narrow economic freedom within the constraints of a capitalist market, which, as anarchists show, is no freedom at all".</ref> 미국에서 자유지상주의라는 용어는 주로 이런 우익 자유지상주의를 언급하기 위해 사용된다.