사용자:축덕/작업실
| 전체 명칭 | FC Gelsenkirchen-Schalke 04 e. V. | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 별칭 | Die Königsblauen(디 쾨니히스블라우엔=로얄블루스), Die Knappen(디 크나펜=광부들) | |||
| 리그 | 1 분데스리가 | |||
| 창단 | 1904년 | |||
| 소유주 |  요제프 슈누젠베르크 | |||
| 감독 | 펠릭스 마가트 | |||
| 경기장 | 벨틴스 아레나 | |||
| 수용 인원 | 61,673명 | |||
| 2009-10 | 1 분데스리가, 2위 | |||
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푸스발 클럽 겔젠키르헨-샬케 04(Fußball-Club Gelsenkirchen-Schalke 04)는 독일 노르트라인베스트팔렌 주 겔젠키르헨을 연고로 하는 축구 클럽이다. 흔히 약칭인 FC 샬케 04나 샬케로 더 잘 알려져있다. 샬케는 1904년 창단되어 긴 역사를 가지고있는 축구클럽으로, 클럽의 전성기였던 1930년대와 1940년대 초반을 제외하고는 이렇다할 성과가 없는 다소 부진한 모습을 보였음에도 독일 축구 클럽중에서 가장 유명한 축구 클럽 중 하나로 손꼽히고 있다. 샬케는 9만명이상의 회원이 있는, 독일에서 두번째로 규모가 큰 운동 클럽이기도 하다. 내부에는 축구 클럽을 포함하여 농구, 핸드볼, 육상 트랙과 필드도 마련되어있다.
샬케가 승리를 거둔 첫 메이저 유럽 대회는 UEFA컵으로, 1997년 당시 밀라노에서 인터 밀란에게 승부차기 끝에 승리하였다.
교황 바오로 2세는 1987년 파크스타디온에서 미사를 올린 후에 샬케의 명예 회원이 되기도 했다.
샬케는 도르트문트와 경쟁의식을 가지고 있으며, 팬들은 이들의 경기를 '레비어 더비(Revierderby)'라고 부른다. 뉘른베르크와는 친밀한 관계를 형성하고 있다. 클럽에는 어윈(Ährwin)이라는 마스코트가 있다.
클럽의 역사 편집
샬케의 초창기 편집
1904년 5월 4일, 베스트팔리아 샬케(Westfalia Schalke)라는 이름으로 고등학생이었던 빌리 기스(Willi Gies)와 그의 친구들이 모여 창단되었다. 처음 유니폼의 색상은 붉은색과 노란색으로 되어있었다. 초기에는 서부독일 축구협회(WSV, Westdeutscher Spiel-Verband)로부터 입장료 수익을 얻는것이 불가능했고, 여느 아마추어 팀들과 같이 활동하였다. 여러 해 동안 정규리그에 들어가기 위해 노력들이 실패함으로서, 베스트팔리아 샬케는 엔트리 강화의 일환으로 1912년 체조클럽이었던 샬커 투른페라인 1877(Shalker Turnverein 1877)과 병합하게 된다. 이것은 1915년 SV 베스트팔리아 샬케라는 독립적인 조직으로 분리될때까지 계속되었으나 분리는 얼마 가지 못했고 둘은 1919년에 투른 운트 스포르트 페어라인 샬케 1877이라는 이름으로 하나가 된다. 새로운 클럽의 첫 영예는 1923년 샬케 크라이스리가(Schalke Kreisliga)에서 우승한 것이다. 이때부터 샬케는 광부를 뜻하는 독일의 고어인 "디 크나펜(Die knappen)"이라는 별명으로 알려진다. 그 이유는 이 팀의 구성이 다수의 겔젠키르헨의 석탄 광부들로 이루어진 선수들과 응원단이었기 때문이다.
1924년에 축구팀과 체조클럽이 다시 분리가 되는데, 이때 축구 클럽의 이름을 FC 샬케 04로 바꾸고 유니폼의 색상을 지금과 같은 푸른색과 하얀색으로 채용함으로써 두번째 애칭인 "디 쾨니히스블라우엔(Die Königsblauen=The Royal Blues)"으로 불리우게 된다. 그후 수년간 클럽은 주로 측면을 활용하고 짧고 예리한 맨투맨 패스를 구사하는 전술을 주로 사용하였다. 이런 시스템은 후에 "샬케 크라이젤"이라는 이름으로 더욱 유명해진다. the football team parted ways with the gymnasts once again – this time taking the club chairman along with them. They took the name FC Schalke 04 and adopted the now familiar blue and white uniforms from which their second nickname would derive – "Die Königsblauen" (영어: The Royal Blues). The following year the club became the dominant local side based on a style of play that used short, sharp man-to-man passing to move the ball. This system would later become famous as the "Schalker Kreisel" (영어: spinning top). In 1927, it carried them into the top-flight Gauliga Ruhr, onto the league championship, and then into the opening rounds of the national finals.
Rise to dominance 편집
The popular club built a new stadium, the Glückauf-Kampfbahn, in 1928, and acknowledged the city's support by re-naming themselves FC Gelsenkirchen-Schalke 04. They won their first Western German championship in 1929, but the following year were sanctioned for exceeding salary levels set by the league and, in an era that considered professionalism in sport anathema, found themselves banned from play for nearly half a year. However, the ban had little impact on the team's popularity: in their first game after the ban against Fortuna Düsseldorf in June 1931, the team drew 70,000 to its home ground. The club's fortunes begun to rise from 1931, making a semi-final appearance in the 1932 German championship, losing 1–2 to Eintracht Frankfurt. The year after, the club went all the way to the final where Fortuna Düsseldorf proved the better side, winning 3–0.[1]
With the re-organization of German football in 1933 under Nazi Germany, Schalke found themselves in the Gauliga Westfalen, one of sixteen top-flight divisions established to replace the innumerable regional and local leagues all claiming top status. This league saw Schalke's most successful decade in their history: from 1933 to 1942 the club would appear in 14 of 18 national finals — 10 in the German championship and 8 in the Tschammerpokal, the predecessor to today's German Cup and win their league in every one of its eleven seasons. The club never lost a home game in this league in all these eleven seasons and only six away games, remaining completely unbeaten in the Gauliga Westfalen in the 1935–36, 36–37, 37–38, 38–39, 40–41 and 42–43 seasons; a clear sign of the club's dominance.[2]
The championship years 1934–42 편집
Schalke's first national title came in 1934 with a 2–1 victory over favourites Nuremberg. The next year they defended their title against VfB Stuttgart in a 6–4 win. The club missed the 1936 final, but would make appearances in the championship match in each of the next six years coming away victorious in 1937, 1939, 1940, and 1942. Three of those national finals were against Austrian teams – Admira Vienna, Rapid Vienna, and First Vienna – which played in Germany's Gauliga Ostmark after Austria's incorporation into the Reich through the Anschluss in 1938.
"Die Königsblauen" also made frequent appearances in the final of the Tschammerpokal, but enjoyed much less success there. They lost the inaugural Tschammerpokal 0:2 to Nūrnberg in 1935. They also made failed appearances in the 1936, 1941, and 1942 finals with their only Cup victory coming in 1937 against Fortuna Düsseldorf.
Over a dozen seasons from 1933 to 1945 Schalke accumulated an astounding record, winning 162 of 189 Gauliga matches, drawing 21 and losing only 6. On the way they scored 924 goals and gave up just 145. From 1935 to 1939 they did not lose a single league match. The club's dominance throughout this period led them to be held up for propaganda purposes by the Nazi regime as an example of the "new Germany". This was despite the fact that many players were descended from Polish immigrants, most notably the two stars of the team, Fritz Szepan and Ernst Kuzorra.
Post-war football 편집
With Germany in chaos towards the end of World War II, Schalke played just two matches in 1945. They resumed regular play following the war and for a time continued to compete as a strong side. They set a record in a national championship round match with a 20:0 drubbing of SpVgg Herten, but that spoke more to the weakened condition of German football than the ability of the team. Schalke's play fell off and the best they could manage in the new Oberliga West in 1947 was a sixth place finish: within two years they slipped to 12th place. It would take them until the mid-50s to recover their form. They finished third in a tight three-way race for the 1954 Oberliga West title decided on the last day of the season. The following year they appeared in the German Cup final where they lost 2:3 to Karlsruher SC. The club's next German championship came in 1958 with a 3:0 victory over Hamburger SV. This is their last national championship title to date.
Entry to the Bundesliga 편집
Schalke continued to play well in the years leading up to the formation of the Bundesliga, Germany's new professional league, in 1963, delivering a number of top four finishes. Those results earned them selection as one of sixteen sides admitted to the top flight league.
Their first years in the Bundesliga were difficult. In 1965, they escaped relegation only through the expansion of the league to eighteen teams. A number of finishes far down the league table followed, before a marked improvement culminating in a second place finish to Bayern Munich in 1972 after having led the league for much of the season. In the same year, Schalke won the German Cup for the second time in its history.
The Bundesliga Scandal of 1971 편집
Despite their improved results, the seeds of a major reversal had already been sown. A number of the team's players and officials were accused of accepting bribes as part of the widespread Bundesliga scandal of 1971. Investigation showed that Schalke had played so as to deliberately lose their 17 May 28th-round match against Arminia Bielefeld by a score of 0–1. As a result several Schalke players were banned for life, including three —Klaus Fischer, "Stan" Libuda and Klaus Fichtel— who were with the German national team of the time. Even though the penalties were later commuted to bans ranging from six months to two years, the scandal had a profound effect on what might have become one of the dominant German teams of the 1970s.
Crisis and recovery 편집
In 1973, the club moved to the Parkstadion, newly built for the 1974 World Cup and having a capacity of 70,000 spectators. In the wake of the scandal, the club's performance was uneven. They managed another second place result in 1977, finishing just one point behind champions Borussia Mönchengladbach.
In the early 1980s Die Knappen ran into trouble and found themselves relegated to the 2.Bundesliga for the 1981–82 season and again in 1983–84. They returned to the top flight in 1984, and after slipping once more to tier II in 1988, have stayed up as a Bundesliga side since 1991–92. The club earned their first honours since winning the German Cup in 1972 with a victory in the 1997 UEFA Cup over Italian side Internazionale on penalties.
The turn of the millennium has seen much stronger performances from Schalke. During the 1990s and early 2000, the club underwent a successful transformation into a modern commercial sports organization and established itself as one of the dominant teams of the Bundesliga. Schalke captured consecutive German Cups in 2001–02, and earned second place finishes in the Bundesliga in 2001, 2005 and 2007. The 2001 finish was heartbreaking for supporters of Die Königsblauen as it took a goal in the 4th minute of injury time by Bayern away to Hamburg to snatch the title.
Current 편집
The last few years have been more successful for Schalke finishing second place in 2005, which lead to Schalke making its second appearance in the UEFA Champions League. There, Schalke finished in 3rd place during the group stage, with successful continuation in the UEFA Cup, where Schalke was eliminated by the eventual winner of the cup Sevilla in the semifinal. In 2006 Schalke finished in 4th place in the Bundesliga and a year later they once again finished as runners-up (for the 3rd time in 7 seasons). In 2007–08, Schalke managed to make it past the Champions League group stage for the first time in team history, then advanced to the quarter finals after beating Porto on penalties.
On 9 October 2006 Russian oil company Gazprom would become the club's new sponsor. The company expects to invest as much as €125 million in the club over a 5½ year period.[3] Gazprom's sponsorship has been seen by some analysts as a politically motivated attempt to buy friendship in Germany.[4] Within the sponsorship Schalke 04 and FC Zenit Saint Petersburg signed a partnership agreement. Both clubs intend to work closely on improving football-related issues.
On 13 April 2008 the club announced the dismissal of manager Mirko Slomka after a heavy defeat at the hands of Werder Bremen and elimination from the Champions League. Former players Mike Büskens and Youri Mulder were put in charge of the first team on an interim basis.
For the Bundesliga season 2008–09, Schalke signed a new head coach, Fred Rutten, before that being the manager of the Dutch team Twente. He signed a contract running until June 2010.[5] In March 2009 Rutten was sacked and once more Mike Buskens, Youri Mulder and Oliver Reck took over the helm until 1 July 2009, when Felix Magath who led VfL Wolfsburg to the top of the table in the Bundesliga, became Head Coach and General Manager of the Royal Blues.
Stadium 편집
The club's stadium, known as the Veltins-Arena under a sponsorship agreement with Veltins brewery, was completed in the summer of 2001 and has a capacity of 61,673 spectators. Schalke regularly draws sell-out crowds to what is widely regarded as one of the most modern and best multi-use facilities in Europe. The facility was previously known as the Arena AufSchalke and replaced the Parkstadion (capacity 71,000) built in 1973. Prior to this the club had played its matches in the Glückauf-Kampfbahn constructed in 1928 with a capacity of 35,000. The facility was used for amateur matches during its latter years with a reduced capacity of just 5,000.
Club songs 편집
이 문단의 내용은 출처가 분명하지 않습니다. (2011년 2월) |
"Blau und weiß, wie lieb ich Dich" (Blue and White How I Love You) and "Königsblauer S04" (Royal Blue S04) are the official club songs.
Popular unofficial songs are
- "Oppa Pritschikowski",
- "Wir sind Schalker",
- "Schalke ist die Macht"
and probably the most famous *"Steht auf, wenn ihr Schalker seid" to melody of Go West by British band Pet Shop Boys. A song has also been dedicated to Danish legend Ebbe Sand.
Honours 편집
- Winners – 1934, 1935, 1937, 1939, 1940, 1942, 1958
- Runners-up – 1933, 1938, 1941, 1972, 1977, 2001, 2005, 2007, 2010
- Winners – 1937, 1972, 2001, 2002
- Runners-up – 1935, 1936, 1941, 1942, 1955, 1969, 2005
- Runners-up – 2010
- Winners – 2005
- Runners-up – 2001, 2002, 2007
- Winners – 1997
- Winners – 2003, 2004
- Winners – 1982, 1991
Fuji-Cup (unofficial tournament)
- Winners – 1996
Coppa delle Alpi (Tournament of the Italian Association)
- Winners – 1968
- Winners – 1951, 1958
Western German football championship
- Winners – 1929, 1930, 1932, 1933
- Runners-up – 1927
- Winners – 1927, 1928, 1929, 1930, 1932, 1933
- Winners – 1934, 1935, 1936, 1937, 1938, 1939, 1940, 1941, 1942, 1943, 1944
Westphalia Cup
- Winners – 1943, 1944
Emscherkreis
- Champions – 1924, 1925
Westdeutscher Kreisliga
- Champions – 1925
Ruhrgau Champion of the Kreisligen
- 1925
Emscherkreisliga
- Champions – 1924, 1926
Gelsenkirchen Gauliga
- Champions – 1926
A-Klasse
- Champions – 1921
B-Klasse
- Champions – 1920
Youth 편집
- German Under 19 championship
- Champions: 1976, 2006
- Runners-up: 1975, 1980, 1981
- German Under 17 championship
- Champions: 1978, 2002
- Runners-up: 1977, 1980
- Under 19 Bundesliga West
- Champions: 2006
Players 편집
Current squad 편집
For recent transfers, see List of German football transfers summer 2010 and List of German football transfers winter 2010–11.
참고: FIFA 자격 규정에 따라 소속된 국가대표팀 국기를 표시합니다. 선수는 복수의 FIFA 비회원국 국적을 가지고 있을 수 있습니다.
note: Ali Karimi has #16 in Champions League season 2010/2011.
Players out on loan 편집
참고: FIFA 자격 규정에 따라 소속된 국가대표팀 국기를 표시합니다. 선수는 복수의 FIFA 비회원국 국적을 가지고 있을 수 있습니다.
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FC Schalke 04 II squad 편집
Manager: 틀:나라자료 Germany Michael Boris
참고: FIFA 자격 규정에 따라 소속된 국가대표팀 국기를 표시합니다. 선수는 복수의 FIFA 비회원국 국적을 가지고 있을 수 있습니다.
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Notable former players 편집
Category:FC Schalke 04 players 문서를 참고하십시오.To celebrate the 100th birthday of the club, the supporters voted the Schalker Jahrhundertelf, the "Team of the century":[6]
참고: FIFA 자격 규정에 따라 소속된 국가대표팀 국기를 표시합니다. 선수는 복수의 FIFA 비회원국 국적을 가지고 있을 수 있습니다.
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- Coach –
Huub Stevens
Records 편집
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In popular culture 편집
이 문단의 내용은 출처가 분명하지 않습니다. (2011년 2월) |
Schalke has been subject of a feature-length film called Fußball ist unser Leben (Football is our life), published in 1999. Uwe Ochsenknecht and Ralf Richter (both of whom were in Das Boot, where Schalke is briefly mentioned) played the main roles, and many persons associated with Schalke had cameo roles, such as manager Rudi Assauer, coaches Huub Stevens and Helmut Schulte, player Yves Eigenrauch or prominent fans like Manfred Breuckmann, Ulrich Potofski or DJ Hooligan.
Schalke was mentioned in the film Das Boot when the bosun told the crew in their ward room "I got bad news for you men. Schalke lost 5–0, looks like we won't be in the final this year!"
References 편집
- ↑ kicker Almanach 1990 틀:De icon, publisher kicker, published: 1989, page: 171
- ↑ Die deutschen Gauligen 1933–45 — Heft 1–3 틀:De icon Tables of the Gauligas 1933–45, publisher: DSFS
- ↑ Guardian.co.uk
- ↑ Roger Boyes (2009년 1월 7일). “Comment: Gazprom is not a market player, it’s a political weapon”. London: Timesonline. 2009년 1월 7일에 확인함.
- ↑ FC Schalke 04 official website (2008년 4월 23일). “"Rutten named new Schalke boss"”. 2008년 8월 16일에 확인함. [깨진 링크]
- ↑ “Die Schalker Jahrhundertelf” (독일어). fussballportal.de. 2008년 5월 28일에 확인함.
