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Kerch Polytechnic College massacre
의 일부
Vladislav Roslyakov in the college library
위치Kerch Polytechnic College, Kerch, Crimea
발생일2018년 10월 17일 (2018-10-17)
{{{시간}}}({{{시간대}}})
종류School shooting, school bombing, mass murder, murder–suicide, copycat crime
수단
사망자21 (including the perpetrator)
부상자70

The Kerch Polytechnic College massacre was a school shooting and bomb attack that occurred in Kerch, Crimea, on 17 October 2018. 18-year-old student Vladislav Roslyakov shot and killed 20 people and wounded 70 others before committing suicide. It was the deadliest school attack in the former Soviet Union since the 2004 Beslan school siege.[2]

Attack 편집

 
Bomb explosion in the dining room

Vladislav Roslyakov purchased a shotgun on 8 September 2018 and bought 150 rounds legally at a gun shop on 13 October 2018.[3][4] He entered the grounds of Kerch Polytechnic College on 17 October 2018 at about 11:45 a.m.[5] and shortly after began shooting.[6] A survivor of the incident said that the shooting lasted for more than 15 minutes.[7]

Several witnesses described a lone gunman walking up and down the halls at Kerch Polytechnic College and firing randomly at classmates and teachers. He also fired at computer monitors, locked doors and fire extinguishers.[8] A large nail-bomb[9] was detonated during the attack, and local police said that they deactivated more explosives on the campus.[10] However, there was initially variation in survivors' accounts of the incident, with some claiming that a large bomb exploded and others describing only gunfire and the use of grenades.[11]

 
Emergency services respond to the massacre

The town website claimed that the explosion occurred on the first floor although the shooting occurred on the second.[출처 필요] CNN reported that state television channel Russia-24 said that 200 military personnel had been sent to the location.[12] Eyewitness accounts differ about the time it took for law enforcement to respond, as times differ between 10 and 15 minutes,[11] even though a police station is across the street, within 300 meters (approx. 990 feet) of the college.[5] The massacre ended when the gunman committed suicide in the college's library.

외부 동영상
  Russia: Hear Moment of Shooting as Kerch College Attack Unfolds *EXCLUSIVE*

Graphic video footage of the attack was captured by school surveillance cameras and later posted on both the news programme Vesti.Krym's YouTube channel and on its website. This footage was later removed from both sites shortly afterwards.[13]

Fatalities
Ksenia Boldina (17)
Vladislav Verdibozhenk (15)
Victoria Demchuk (16)
Ruden Juraev (16)
Anna Zhuravleva (19)
Alina Kerova (16)
Alexey Lavrinovich (19)
Egor Perepelkin (17)
Vladislav Lazarev (19)
Ruslan Lysenko (17)
Roman Karymov (21)
Danil Pipenko (16)
Sergey Stepanenko (15)
Nikita Florensky (16)
Daria Chegerest (16)
Anastasia Baklanova (26)
Svetlana Baklanova (57)
Larisa Kudryavtseva (62)
Olexander Moiseenko (46)
Lyudmila Ustenko (65)
Vladislav Roslyakov (18) (perpetrator)

Victims 편집

Russia's National Anti-Terrorism Committee[14] said that most of the victims were teenagers. Fifteen students and five teachers died and according to the Investigative Committee, all died of gunshot wounds.[15]

The Kerch Deputy Mayor, Dilyaver Melgaziyev, initially clarified rumors on 18 October that six of the deceased were under the age of 18. This figure was later revised to eleven.[16] Crimean authorities have published a list of the initial 20 victims who were killed.[17]

The Russian Health Minister Veronika Skvortsova told reporters that a total of 70 people were wounded, 10 of whom were described as being in a "critical" condition, including five in comas.[16]

Crimean State Council speaker Vladimir Konstantinov announced that the victims' families would receive financial compensation, with preliminary discussions suggesting that the payments would be 1 million rubles (USD 17140.9) from the Russian federal budget and 1 million rubles from the local budget.[12]

Perpetrator 편집

 
Roslyakov in the Sokol gun store, four days before the attack.

The attack was perpetrated by a fourth-year student of the college, 18-year-old Vladislav Igorevich Roslyakov (러시아어: Владисла́в И́горевич Росляко́в).[18]

When Roslyakov was around ten years old, his parents broke up when his father sustained a severe head injury, after which he became disabled and aggressive towards Roslyakov, his mother and other relatives.[19] Roslyakov studied at a local school with no interest and poor grades. He had few friends and his hobbies included weapons and video games.[20] In 2015 he joined the college to study to become an electrician. In college he developed an interest in explosives and weapons and started to take a knife bayonet to class.[21] One day he discharged pepper spray in a class and failed to explain his actions.[22] His mother belonged to the local Jehovah's Witnesses,[23][24][25] who limited his social activity, searched his pockets and refused to allow him to go to the cinema or use a computer, only allowing the latter when he turned 16.[26][27][25][28]

In the days immediately before the attack, Roslyakov stated that he did not believe in the afterlife.[29] On the eve of the attack, according to neighbours, Roslyakov burned a Bible in which he had highlighted verses, along with his mobile phone, and other books.[30]

A friend has claimed that Roslyakov "hated the polytechnic very much" and had vowed revenge on his teachers.[31] There were also reports that he may have been bullied.[32] According to an ex-girlfriend, Roslyakov had informed her he had lost faith in people when his classmates started to ridicule him for being different.[33] In the days before the attack he discussed ignorance by others, the lack of purpose in his life, mass shootings and suicide on social media.[29] Roslyakov was in a number of online communities dedicated to serial killers.[34]

Surveillance footage of the incident shows Roslyakov wearing black trousers and a white T-shirt emblazoned with the Russian word "НЕНАВИСТЬ" ("HATRED") as he carries an eight-shot 12 gauge Hatsan Escort Aimguard pump-action shotgun with a pistol grip.[10][29] His clothing resembled that of Eric Harris, one of the perpetrators of the 1999 Columbine High School massacre, leading to speculation that the massacre was a copycat crime.[35] According to some Russian tabloids, he had been a member of various Eric Harris and Dylan Klebold fanclubs on social networks, and had informed friends of his belief that "it would be good to have a massacre",[36] specifically referencing Columbine High School massacre as an example. Furthermore, he had mentioned his belief in the two perpetrators being "awesome."[34] Like perpetrator Eric Harris, Roslyakov committed suicide in the library of the college, by shooting himself with his shotgun.

Investigation 편집

Russia's Investigative Committee initially classified the attack as terrorism but later changed it to mass murder.[9][10] After the first reports of an alleged terrorist attack in Kerch, many Russian politicians and mass media suggested that the events were the activities of "Ukrainian saboteurs"[37] and that the Ukrainian government was responsible, but changed their views after more information emerged,[10] while others questioned whether Roslyakov was sufficiently checked before being allowed to purchase a gun and ammunition, which Roslyakov legally did.[38]

In the days immediately following the massacre, investigators researched Roslyakov's background in attempts to establish his precise motive. These investigators also revealed that, ultimately, they were treating the incident as a calculated school shooting.[11] Officials are investigating concerns in the case, such as where Roslyakov got the 30,000–40,000 rubles (about $450–600 USD) for the weapon, and where he learned to use those weapons.[5] It was discovered Roslyakov obtained a weapon permit in 2018 and owned the gun legally, after completing a legally required training on weapon security and presenting all required documents, including medical report. He periodically attended a shooting club.[39] Shortly before the shooting he legally purchased 150 rounds of ammunition.[40][41]

The Investigative Committee ordered a psychiatric evaluation of Roslyakov postmortem.[출처 필요] Crimean Prime Minister Sergey Aksyonov stated on 18 October that it was possible the perpetrator had an accomplice, and police were searching for the individual "who was coaching" Roslyakov for the crime.[42] However, on 9 November 2018, the Investigative Committee came to the conclusion that Roslyakov had acted alone.[43]

Reactions 편집

Crimean Prime Minister Sergey Aksyonov announced that there would be three days of mourning. Crimean State Council speaker Vladimir Konstantinov said that it was impossible to conceive that 18-year-old suspect Vladislav Roslyakov had prepared the attack by himself saying "On the ground, he acted alone, that is already known and established, but in my opinion and in the opinion of my colleagues this reprobate could not have carried out the preparations."[44]

Sergei Mikhailovich Smirnov, deputy head of Russia's Federal Security Service (FSB), said the security services needed to have greater control over the Internet.[44][45] Russian President Vladimir Putin said at the Valdai Discussion Club in Sochi that the attack appeared to be the result of globalisation, social media and the internet, and that "everything started with the tragic events in schools in the US...we're not creating healthy (Internet) content for young people...which leads to tragedies of this kind."[9][46][37][47] Some saw the remarks to be a part of Russians blaming the West for the attack and a linkage with his past as head of the Kremlin and FSB before becoming president which The Irish Times said are "suspicious of the internet and social media, seeing them as western-dominated technologies that can be used to stir up dissent and street protests."[47][38][45]

Russian political analyst Sergey Mikheyev on Russian state TV blamed the attack on "Western subculture," claiming that it "builds its matrix on the cult of violence...the one who has a weapon in his hands is right. This is a purely American approach to the matter."[47] Some media saw the remarks to be a part of Russians blaming the West for the attack.[47][38]

Leaders of several countries expressed their condolences to the victims of the attack, including Armenia,[48] Estonia, Finland, Germany,[49] Italy, Thailand, the UK,[50] and Venezuela. Ukrainian President Petro Poroshenko expressed condolences to the victims, whom he described as Ukrainian citizens, stating that the Prosecutor General's Office of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea had initiated criminal proceedings under the article "act of terrorism".[51][nb 1] The Secretary General of the Council of Europe Thorbjørn Jagland and Secretary-General of the United Nations António Guterres also expressed condolences.[53][54]

Some newspapers described the attack as "Russia's Columbine", a reference to the 1999 US high school massacre.[55][37][46] Steven Rosenberg said the attack should not be surprising as he noted there had already been five attacks in schools in Russia in 2018 where a number of children were injured.[9] A Telegraph article also claimed there had been half a dozen school attacks in Russia in 2018, although claiming the previous incidents involved knives and traumatic pistols rather than high-powered firearms.[37]

Aftermath 편집

Students returned to studies 23 October, with checkpoints at the entrances at which the students' identities are confirmed. A spokesperson for the Rostov Region Directorate of the Russian Emergency Ministry, told reporters: "An examination has been carried out. According to the preliminary information, there is no danger of [the building's] collapse."[출처 필요]

Copycat incidents 편집

On 28 May 2019, a student in Volsk, Saratov Region, Russia committed an attack with an axe and Molotov Cocktails (which he did not use), which left a girl seriously wounded. The attacker, 15-year-old Daniil Pulkin, was obsessed with Roslyakov.[56][57] In August 2020, the minor was sentenced to seven years in prison in a juvenile hall.[58]

 
A procession of mourners attend a memorial to the victims on 19 October

Memorials 편집

외부 동영상
  Russia: Kerch Residents pay Tribute to College Attack Victims / Ruptly

Throughout Russia and other countries, hundreds of people gathered for memorials for the victims. In Moscow the memorial of Kerch in the Alexander Garden was decorated with flowers.[59] A makeshift memorial was created outside of the school, for residents and survivors to bring flowers and toys.[60]

An open memorial and funeral for the victims was held in the central square of Kerch, with a speech by Sergey Aksyonov, who told the crowd; "We don't want to talk, we want to weep. The history of Crimea will be divided in two — before and after 17 October. We need to be strong we need to be brave."[61] Around 20,000 people were estimated to have attended the public funeral in Kerch.[62]

See also 편집

Notes 편집

  1. ↑ Ukraine does not recognise the March 2014 annexation of Crimea by Russia and sees Crimea as its territory.[51][52]

References 편집

  1. ↑ “Ружье "для самообороны" и картечь на волка – стало известно, какое оружие использовал "Керченский стрелок"” [Shotgun "for self-defense" and buckshot to hunt the wolf - it became known what weapon the "Kerch shooter" used]. 《Dialog.ua》 (러시아어). 2018년 10월 18일에 확인함. 
  2. ↑ Satter, David (2006년 11월 13일). “The Truth About Beslan”. 《The Weekly Standard》. 2019년 3월 13일에 확인함. 
  3. ↑ “Законно ли у Влада Рослякова было оружие? Законно.” [Was Vladimir Roslyakov's weapon legal? Yes, it was.] (러시아어). Mash. 2018년 10월 17일 – VKontakte 경유. 
  4. ↑ Beresnev, Valery; Kolebakina-Usmanova, Yelena; Gavrilenko, Aleksandr (2018년 10월 18일). “"У кого-то ногу разорвало, у кого-то – голову": откуда взялся "керченский стрелок – Химик"”. 《Business Online》 (러시아어). 2018년 10월 19일에 확인함. 
  5. ↑ 가 나 다 Kravtsova, Irina (2018년 10월 19일). “'How were we supposed to know what was in his head?' Life in Kerch, a day after a school massacre rocked the city”. 《Meduza》. 번역 Rothrock, Kevin. 2018년 10월 19일에 확인함. 
  6. ↑ “Crimean College Shooting: What We Know So Far”. 《The Moscow Times》. Reuters. 2018년 10월 18일. 2018년 10월 18일에 확인함. 
  7. ↑ “At least 17 killed in attack on college in Russian-annexed Crimea”. CBS News. 2018년 10월 17일. 2018년 10월 17일에 확인함. 
  8. ↑ Kurdyukova, Anastasia (2018년 10월 21일). “Опубликована видеозапись нападения на керченский колледж: как Росляков устроил бойню”. 《Komsomolskaya Pravda》 (러시아어). 2018년 10월 22일에 확인함. 
  9. ↑ 가 나 다 라 “Crimea attack: College shooting is 'globalisation' result”. BBC News. 2018년 10월 18일. 2018년 10월 18일에 확인함. 
  10. ↑ 가 나 다 라 Roth, Andrew (2018년 10월 17일). “Crimea college attack: student carries out mass shooting in Kerch”. 《The Guardian》. 2018년 10월 17일에 확인함. 
  11. ↑ 가 나 다 Reevell, Patrick (2018년 10월 18일). “Russia investigates whether student who killed 20 in Crimean college 'mass murder' acted alone”. ABC News. 2018년 10월 18일에 확인함. 
  12. ↑ 가 나 Hodge, Nathan; Burrows, Emma; Tarasova, Darya; Britton, Bianca (2018년 10월 18일). “20 killed in Crimea college gun and bomb attack, Russia says”. CNN. 2018년 10월 22일에 확인함. 
  13. ↑ “"Вести.Крым" опубликовали видео, снятое камерами наблюдения во время стрельбы в политехническом колледже в Керчи. 18+. Обновлено”. 《Novaya Gazeta》 (러시아어). 2018년 10월 21일. 2018년 10월 22일에 확인함. 
  14. ↑ Cole, Brendan (2018년 10월 17일). “Multiple People Killed After 'Explosive Device' Blows Up on College Campus in Crimea”. 《Newsweek》. 2018년 10월 17일에 확인함. 
  15. ↑ “Crimea Shooting-Rampage Death Toll Rises To 21”. 《Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty》. 2018년 10월 18일. 2018년 10월 20일에 확인함. 
  16. ↑ 가 나 “All victims of Crimea shooting rampage identified – media”. UNIAN. 2018년 10월 18일. 2018년 10월 22일에 확인함. 
  17. ↑ “Опубликован официальный список погибших в Керченском политехническом колледже”. 《rk.gov.ru》 (러시아어). 2018년 10월 18일. 2018년 10월 18일에 확인함. 
  18. ↑ “Теракт в колледже Керчи устроил Владислав Росляков”. 《Moskovskij Komsomolets》 (러시아어). 2018년 10월 17일. 2018년 10월 17일에 확인함. 
  19. ↑ Degtyaryov, Alexey (2018년 10월 18일). “Соседи керченского стрелка рассказали о жестокости его отца”. 《Vzglyad》 (러시아어). 2018년 10월 18일에 확인함. 
  20. ↑ “Стали известны детали биографии "керченского стрелка" и его вероятный мотив”. 《Novye Izvestia》 (러시아어). 2018년 10월 17일. 2018년 10월 18일에 확인함. 
  21. ↑ Kozurov, Dmitry (2018년 10월 17일). “Носил на лекции нож и играл в "стрелялки": что известно о подростке, устроившем взрыв в керченском колледже”. 《Komsomolskaya Pravda》 (러시아어). 2018년 10월 18일에 확인함. 
  22. ↑ Morozova, Vasilisa (2018년 10월 18일). “Керченскому стрелку назначили посмертную психиатрическую экспертизу” (러시아어). Zvezda. 2018년 10월 22일에 확인함. 
  23. ↑ Korelina, Olga. “Массовое убийство в керченском колледже. Что стало известно к 18 октября”. 《Meduza》 (러시아어). 2018년 10월 23일에 확인함. 
  24. ↑ Mayorov, Anatoly (2018년 10월 21일). “Трагедия в Керчи: как убийца готовился к расстрелу”. 《NTV.ru》 (러시아어). 2018년 10월 22일에 확인함. 
  25. ↑ 가 나 Bilibov, Aleksandr (2018년 10월 20일). “Керченского убийцу окружали адепты тоталитарных сект”. 《Vesti.Ru》 (러시아어). 2018년 10월 22일에 확인함. 
  26. ↑ “"Росляков не собирался убивать себя": Психолог пошагово разобрал действия керченского стрелка” (러시아어). Tsargrad TV. 2018년 10월 22일. 2018년 10월 22일에 확인함. 
  27. ↑ Basov, Vasily (2018년 10월 17일). “Рок и ненависть. Что известно о керченском стрелке Владиславе Рослякове, устроившем бойню в колледже”. 《MediaLeaks》 (러시아어). 2018년 10월 22일에 확인함. 
  28. ↑ “Мать под влиянием "Свидетелей Иеговы" обыскивала сына: Подробности жизни керченского стрелка” (러시아어). Tsargrad TV. 2018년 10월 17일. 2018년 10월 22일에 확인함. 
  29. ↑ 가 나 다 Kozurov, Dmitry; Martynova, Alyona (2018년 10월 18일). “"Круто было бы устроить бойню": керченский стрелок рассказывал друзьям о своих планах атаки на колледж”. 《Komsomolskaya Pravda》 (러시아어). 2018년 10월 18일에 확인함. 
  30. ↑ “Керченский убийца накануне бойни сжег Библию”. 《Ren.tv》 (러시아어). 2018년 10월 19일. 2018년 10월 22일에 확인함. 
  31. ↑ “Crimea attack: Gun attack at Kerch college kills 19”. BBC News. 2018년 10월 17일. 2018년 10월 17일에 확인함. 
  32. ↑ “Inspired by Columbine But Driven by Bullies”. Meduza. 2020년 12월 11일. 2021년 2월 1일에 확인함. 
  33. ↑ “Crimea killer was 'bullied', says ex-girlfriend; Putin blames globalisation”. 《timeslive.co.za》. 2018년 10월 18일. 2018년 10월 19일에 확인함. 
  34. ↑ 가 나 “Был бы дробовик”. 《Krymskaya Gazeta》 (러시아어). 2018년 10월 17일. 2018년 10월 25일에 확인함. 
  35. ↑ Zhilin, Ivan (2018년 10월 17일). “Керченский колумбайн?” [Kerch Columbine?]. 《Novaya Gazeta》 (러시아어). 2018년 10월 17일에 확인함. 
  36. ↑ Ivanov, Alexey (2018년 10월 18일). “Бойня в Керчи - точная копия расстрела американской школы "Колумбайн"”. 《Komsomolskaya Pravda》 (러시아어). 2018년 10월 18일에 확인함. 
  37. ↑ 가 나 다 라 “Putin says Crimean school shooting result of 'globalisation'”. 《Telegraph.co.uk》. 2018년 10월 18일. 2018년 10월 22일에 확인함. 
  38. ↑ 가 나 다 Chance, Matthew (2018년 10월 18일). “Crimea school attack: Russians blame Western culture”. CNN. 2018년 10월 22일에 확인함. 
  39. ↑ “Керченский убийца прошел оружейную подготовку за 4000 рублей”. 《NTV.ru》 (러시아어). 2018년 10월 20일. 2018년 10월 21일에 확인함. 
  40. ↑ Kryuchkov, Oleg (2018년 10월 18일). “Керченский убийца использовал недостатки охраны колледжа”. 《NTV.ru》 (러시아어). 2018년 10월 21일에 확인함. 
  41. ↑ Goryashko, Sergey (2018년 10월 18일). “Стрельба в Керчи: как Росляков получил оружие и где взял деньги?” (러시아어). BBC Russian Service. 2018년 10월 21일에 확인함. 
  42. ↑ “Manhunt in Crimea for possible accomplice in school attack”. Associated Press. 2018년 10월 18일. 2018년 10월 18일에 확인함 – NBC News 경유. 
  43. ↑ “Investigators say student acted alone in Crimea college shooting on October 17”. TASS. 2018년 11월 10일. 2018년 11월 10일에 확인함. 
  44. ↑ 가 나 Antonov, Mikhail (2018년 10월 18일). “Putin blames fatal college attack in Crimea on localization”. 《Reuters》. 2018년 10월 22일에 확인함. 
  45. ↑ 가 나 McLaughlin, Daniel (2018년 10월 18일). “Kremlin blames globalisation and internet for Crimea college massacre”. 《The Irish Times》. 2018년 10월 22일에 확인함. 
  46. ↑ 가 나 Tidey, Alice (2018년 10월 18일). “Putin blames 'globalisation' for Crimea school shooting”. Euronews. 2018년 10월 22일에 확인함. 
  47. ↑ 가 나 다 라 Quinn, Rob (2018년 10월 19일). “Russians Blame 'Western Subculture' for School Massacre”. Newser. 2018년 10월 22일에 확인함. 
  48. ↑ “Armenia acting PM: We strongly condemn this act of violence”. 《news.am》. 2018년 10월 18일. 2018년 10월 18일에 확인함. 
  49. ↑ “Меркель выразила соболезнования в связи с трагедией в Керчи”. 《RBC.ru》 (러시아어). 2018년 10월 17일. 2018년 10월 18일에 확인함. 
  50. ↑ “FCO Statement on the attack at Kerch Polytechnic College in Crimea”. 《GOV.UK》. 2018년 10월 18일에 확인함. 
  51. ↑ 가 나 “Poroshenko: Crimea's PGO initiates criminal proceedings following terrorist attack in Kerch”. UNIAN. 2018년 10월 17일. 2018년 10월 22일에 확인함. 
  52. ↑ Gutterman, Steve; Polityuk, Pavel (2014년 3월 18일). “Putin signs Crimea treaty, will not seize other Ukraine regions”. 《Reuters》. 2014년 3월 26일에 확인함. 
  53. ↑ “World expresses condolences over Kerch college shooting in Crimea”. TASS. 2018년 10월 18일. 2018년 10월 22일에 확인함. 
  54. ↑ “UN secretary general expresses condolences to families of victims in college shooting”. TASS. 2018년 10월 18일. 2018년 10월 22일에 확인함. 
  55. ↑ “Crimea mourns victims of school massacre”. 《TheNational.ae》. 2018년 10월 19일. 2018년 10월 20일에 확인함. 
  56. ↑ “7th grader who attacked school attempts to commit suicide”. Crime Russia. 2019년 5월 25일. 2019년 9월 10일에 확인함. 
  57. ↑ “Russian Teenager Attacks Classmate With Axe, Cites Past School Shootings – Reports”. 《The Moscow Times》. 2019년 5월 28일. 2021년 6월 13일에 확인함. 
  58. ↑ “Russian Teenager Gets Seven Years For Firebomb, Ax Attack On School”. 《Radio Free Europe-Radio Liberty》. 2021년 6월 13일에 확인함. 
  59. ↑ “Hundreds of people paid tribute to the victims of Kerch Polytechnic College”. 《tellerreport.com》. 2018년 10월 17일. 2018년 10월 18일에 확인함. 
  60. ↑ Vasilyeva, Nataliya (2018년 10월 18일). “Crimean city turns to mourning 20 victims of school attack”. 《The Washington Post》. 2018년 10월 18일에 원본 문서에서 보존된 문서. 2018년 10월 19일에 확인함. 
  61. ↑ “Crimea mourns school massacre victims at tearful funeral”. Dunya News. 2018년 10월 20일. 2018년 10월 20일에 확인함. 
  62. ↑ “About 20,000 people pay last tributes to victims of Crimea college attack”. 《Aysor.am》. 2018년 10월 19일. 2018년 10월 23일에 확인함. 



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