오하이오주: 두 판 사이의 차이
내용 삭제됨 내용 추가됨
잔글 위키데이터와 로컬이 같은 위키공용분류 링크 조정 |
편집 요약 없음 |
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48번째 줄:
=== 탐험과 정착 ===
[[프랑스]]의 탐험가 [[르네-로베르 카블리에 드 라 살]]이 오늘날의
오하이오 지방을 포함한 [[북아메리카]]의 영유권을 둘러싸고 영국과 프랑스는 [[프렌치 인디언 전쟁]]으로 충돌하였다. [[1763년]], [[파리 조약 (1763년)|파리 조약]]을 체결하며 프랑스는 영국에게 [[미시시피 강]] 동부의 영토 대부분을 영국에게 주었다. 오하이오에서 태어난 인디언 추장 [[폰티악]]은 파리 조약이 체결된 후 영국군에 대항하여 반란을 일으켰다.
[[미국 독립 전쟁]] 동안의 전쟁으로 현재 뉴필라델피아 근처에 있는 쇤브룬에 [[모라비아]] 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정착하였다. [[1772년]], 데이비드 자이스버거가 이끈 정착촌은 [[1776년]]에 버려졌다. [[1780년]], 조지 로저스 클라크는 현재 스프링필드 근처에 있는 피카 전투에서 영국군의 손을 잡은 쇼니 인디언들을 무찔렀다. 노스웨스트에서 클라크가 이끈 군사작전은 [[1783년]] 독립전쟁이 끝나고 맺어진 조약에서 이 지방을 미국이 지배하는 데 도움을 주었다.
오하이오를 포함한 이 지방은 [[1787년]] [[노스웨스트 준주]]가 되었다. 그해에 오하이오 컴퍼니 산하 사람들이 머스키검 강 계곡에 있는 오하이오강 북서부의 대지를 매입하기 시작하였다. 이들은 [[뉴잉글랜드]]에서 온 사람들이었다. [[1788년]] [[4월 7일]], 오하이오 컴퍼니는 백인들의 첫 영구적 정착지 매리어타를 만들었다. 독립 전쟁에서 싸운 루퍼스 퍼트넘이 이 정착식민지촌의 관리자였다. 그해의 [[7월]]에 매리어타는 노스웨스트 준주의 주도가 되었다. 곧 오하이오 강을 따라 다른 공동체들이 발달하였다. 많은 정착자가 군사복무하며 독립전쟁에 참가한 대가로 토지를 지급받은 베테랑들이었다.
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