GNU: 두 판 사이의 차이

GNU는 ''"GNU's Not Unix!"''(GNU는 유닉스가 아니다!)의 [[재귀 약자]]이며,<ref name = "handbookonopensource" /><ref>{{웹 인용| url =http://www.thefreedictionary.com/GNU%27s+Not+Unix |title=GNU's Not Unix | publisher =The free dictionary | accessdate = 2012-09-22}}</ref> 이렇게 선정된 이유는 GNU의 디자인이 [[유닉스 계열]]이지만 자유 소프트웨어인 점과 [[유닉스|유닉스 코드]]를 포함하지 않는다는 점에서 차별을 두려는 것이다.<ref name = handbookonopensource>{{서적 인용|first1 = Kirk |last1=St. Amant |first2=Brian |last2 = Still |title=Handbook of Research on Open Source Software: Technological, Economic, and Social Perspectives |isbn= 1-59140999-3}}</ref><ref>{{웹 인용| publisher = FSF | work = GNU project | url = https://www.gnu.org/ | title = The GNU Operating system | accessdate = 2008-08-18}}</ref><ref>{{웹 인용|last=Marshall |first = Rosalie | place = [[Australia|AU]] | url = http://www.pcauthority.com.au/News/128513,qa-richard-stallman-founder-of-the-gnu-project-and-the-free-software-foundation.aspx |title = Q&A: Richard Stallman, founder of the GNU Project and the Free Software Foundation | publisher = PC & Tech Authority |date = 2008-11-17 |accessdate = 2012-09-22}}</ref> GNU 프로젝트는프로젝트에는 [[운영 체제 커널]],인 [[GNU HURD]]를가 포함하고들어있는데, 있으며 이는원래 [[자유 소프트웨어 재단]](FSF)에서 본래거기에 초점을중점을 두고 있었던 것이다있었다.<ref name = "handbookonopensource" /><ref name = computerworld>Vaughan-Nichols, Steven J. "[http://www.computerworld.com/s/article/9131178/Opinion_The_top_10_operating_system_stinkers Opinion: The top 10 operating system stinkers]", ''[[Computerworld]]'', April 9, 2009: "…after more than 25 years in development, GNU remains incomplete: its kernel, Hurd, has never really made it out of the starting blocks. […] Almost no one has actually been able to use the OS; it's really more a set of ideas than an operating system."</ref><ref name= Hillesley>{{인용| last = Hillesley | first = Richard | newspaper = The H | url = http://www.h-online.com/open/features/GNU-HURD-Altered-visions-and-lost-promise-1030942.html | edition = online | title = GNU HURD: Altered visions and lost promise | date = June 30, 2010 | page = [http://www.h-online.com/open/features/GNU-HURD-Altered-visions-and-lost-promise-1030942.html?page=3 3] | quote = Nearly twenty years later the HURD has still to reach maturity, and has never achieved production quality. […] Some of us are still wishing and hoping for the real deal, a GNU operating system with a GNU kernel.}}</ref><ref>Lessig, Lawrence. ''The Future of Ideas: The Fate of the Commons in a Connected World'', p. 54. Random House, 2001. {{ISBN|978-0-375-50578-2}}. About Stallman: "He had mixed all of the ingredients needed for an operating system to function, but he was missing the core."</ref>

그러나 GNU가 아닌 커널(가장 유명한 것으로 [[리눅스 커널|리눅스]])은 GNU 소프트웨어와 함께 사용할 수도 있다. 즉, 허드(Hurd) 커널은커널이 아직 운영용으로정식 준비되지는발표 않았는데,가능한 상태가 아니고<ref>{{인용| url=https://www.gnu.org/software/hurd/hurd/status.html | publisher = Free Software Foundation | title = Status | accessdate = 2017-04-24 | date = 2015-05-03}}</ref>, 이는그 어떻게대신 GNU가 아닌 커널([[리눅스 커널|리눅스]]가 가장 많이 사용된다)을 GNU 시스템이소프트웨어와 일반적으로함께 사용되고사용할 있는지를수 설명한다있다. 현재 GNU와 LINUX를 결합하여 너무나 많이 사용되므로, 이 조합을 짧게 'LINUX'라고 말하는 경우가 많으며, GNU/LINUX라고 부르는 경우는 많지 않다.<ref>{{인용| url = http://oreilly.com/openbook/debian/book/ch01_02.html |title= Debian open book | chapter = 1.2 What is Linux? |publisher = O'Reilly |date=1991-10-05 |accessdate = 2012-09-22}}</ref><ref>{{인용| edition = 12.4 | contribution-url = https://help.ubuntu.com/lts/installation-guide/armhf/ch01s03.html | contribution =What is GNU/Linux? |publisher= Canonical | series = Ubuntu | title = Ubuntu Installation Guide | accessdate = 2015-06-22}}</ref> GNU 소프트웨어와 리눅스 커널의 결합은 [[리눅스]](또는 GNU/리눅스)로 알려져 있다.