SARS-CoV-2: 두 판 사이의 차이
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Jerrykim306 (토론 | 기여) 잔글 →백신 연구 |
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'''SARS-CoV-2'''({{llang|en|Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2}}, {{llang|ko|제2형 중증급성호흡기증후군 코로나바이러스}})<ref name="CoronavirusStudyGroup" /><ref name=":2">{{뉴스 인용|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-china-51466362 |title=Coronavirus disease named Covid-19 |date=11 February 2020 |work=[[BBC News Online]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200215204154/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-china-51466362 |archive-date=15 February 2020 |url-status=live |access-date=15 February 2020 }}</ref> 또는 [[신종 코로나바이러스|임시 명칭]] '''2019년 신종 코로나바이러스'''({{llang|en|2019 novel coronavirus}}, '''2019-nCoV''')<ref name=WHO21Jan2020>{{보고서 인용|vauthors=((World Health Organization)) |year=2020 |title=Surveillance case definitions for human infection with novel coronavirus (nCoV): interim guidance v1, January 2020 |author-link=World Health Organization |publisher=World Health Organization |hdl=10665/330376 |id=WHO/2019-nCoV/Surveillance/v2020.1 |hdl-access=free }}</ref><ref>{{웹 인용|title=Healthcare Professionals: Frequently Asked Questions and Answers |website=United States [[Centers for Disease Control and Prevention]] (CDC) |date=11 February 2020 |url=https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/hcp/faq.html |access-date=15 February 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200214023335/https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/hcp/faq.html |archive-date=14 February 2020 |url-status=unfit }}</ref><ref>{{웹 인용|title=About Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) |website=United States [[Centers for Disease Control and Prevention]] (CDC) |date=11 February 2020 |url=https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/about/index.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200211105920/https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/about/index.html |archive-date=11 February 2020 |url-status=unfit |access-date=25 February 2020}}</ref>는 유전적 배열([[:en:Genomic sequencing|DNA sequencing]])상 전도(傳導) 기능(Positive sense)<ref>https://talk.ictvonline.org/ictv-reports/ictv_online_report/positive-sense-rna-viruses/ {{웨이백|url=https://talk.ictvonline.org/ictv-reports/ictv_online_report/positive-sense-rna-viruses/ |date=20200201042504 }}
{{웹 인용 | 제목=ICTV 9th Report (2011)>Positive Sense RNA Viruses | 웹사이트=국제 바이러스 분류학 위원회(en:International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses) | 날짜=2 January 2020 | url=https://talk.ictvonline.org/ictv-reports/ictv_9th_report/positive-sense-rna-viruses-2011/w/posrna_viruses | 확인날짜=2020-02-25 | 보존url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190508165912/https://talk.ictvonline.org/ictv-reports/ictv_9th_report/positive-sense-rna-viruses-2011/w/posrna_viruses | 보존날짜=2019-05-08 | url-status=dead }}</ref><ref group="내용주">스스로 [[전령 RNA]]로 직접 작용하는 기능. 최호형. 미생물학. 아카데미서적 (2004): p. 112 [https://book.naver.com/bookdb/text_view.nhn?bid=1429982&dencrt=ifbEp6Fdig5Vhoc2xrPHm5mwvpsPOyLXDNmHJHuQMMs%253D&query=positive+sense] {{웨이백|url=https://book.naver.com/bookdb/text_view.nhn?bid=1429982&dencrt=ifbEp6Fdig5Vhoc2xrPHm5mwvpsPOyLXDNmHJHuQMMs%253D&query=positive+sense |date=20210507061323 }}</ref> 단일 가닥 RNA(single-stranded RNA) 코로나바이러스로서<ref name="Sequence"/>, 인간에게 전염성이 있고 [[코로나바이러스감염증-19]]의 원인이다.<ref name="Chan24Jan2020"/>
SARS-CoV-2는 박쥐 중증급성호흡기증후군-유사 코로나바이러스(Bat SARS-like coronavirus)와 강한 유전적 유사성을 지니고 있는 것으로 보여지며, 이 바이러스에서 기원한 것으로 생각된다.<ref name="NatureZhou" /><ref name="LancetNowcasting">{{저널 인용|vauthors=Perlman S |date=January 2020|title=Another Decade, Another Coronavirus|journal=New England Journal of Medicine|volume=382|issue=8|pages=760–762|doi=10.1056/NEJMe2001126|pmid=31978944 }}</ref><ref name="Medical Virology">{{저널 인용|vauthors=Benvenuto D, Giovanetti M, Ciccozzi A, Spoto S, Angeletti S, Ciccozzi M | display-authors=3 |title=The 2019-new coronavirus epidemic: Evidence for virus evolution|doi=10.1002/jmv.25688|journal=Journal of Medical Virology| volume=92 | issue=4 | pages=455–459 |date=January 2020|pmid=31994738 }}</ref><ref name="ncbi">{{저널 인용| title=Bat SARS-like coronavirus isolate bat-SL-CoVZC45, complete genome | website=NCBI | date=15 February 2020 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/MG772933 | access-date=15 February 2020}}</ref>
제2형 중증급성호흡기증후군 코로나바이러스 2(SARS-CoV-2)는 중국 우한시에서 일어나 [[국제적 공중보건 비상사태]]로 나아간 [[코로나바이러스감염증-19 유행]]의 원인이다.<ref name="NYT 20200130">{{뉴스 인용| title=W.H.O. Declares Global Emergency as Wuhan Coronavirus Spreads | first1=Sui-Lee | last1=Wee | first2=Donald G. | last2=McNeil Jr. | first3=Javier C. | last3=Hernández | author-link2=Donald McNeil Jr. | website=[[The New York Times]] | date=30 January 2020 | url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/01/30/health/coronavirus-world-health-organization.html | access-date=30 January 2020 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200130195011/https://www.nytimes.com/2020/01/30/health/coronavirus-world-health-organization.html | archive-date=30 January 2020 | url-status=live | name-list-format=vanc}}</ref> 이러한 관계 때문에 그 바이러스를 구어에서 여러 별칭 중 ‘우한 코로나바이러스’라고 부르지만,<ref name="HuangNPR">{{웹 인용|url=https://www.npr.org/sections/goatsandsoda/2020/01/22/798277557/how-does-wuhan-coronavirus-compare-to-mers-sars-and-the-common-cold|title=How Does Wuhan Coronavirus Compare with MERS, SARS and the Common Cold?|last=Huang|first=Pien|date=22 January 2020|website=[[NPR]]|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200202094021/https://www.npr.org/sections/goatsandsoda/2020/01/22/798277557/how-does-wuhan-coronavirus-compare-to-mers-sars-and-the-common-cold|archive-date=2 February 2020|access-date=3 February 2020|name-list-format=vanc}}</ref>
[[세계보건기구]]의 보고서에서는 질병의 이름에 지역명을 사용하는 것을 자제하라고 권고하고 있다.<ref>{{보고서 인용 |저자= [[세계보건기구|World Health Organization]] |url= https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/163636/WHO_HSE_FOS_15.1_eng.pdf |제목=World Health Organization Best Practices for the Naming of New Human Infectious Diseases |출판사= |쪽= |날짜= 2015-05 |확인날짜= 2021-07-14 |인용문= | hdl = 10665/163636 | id = WHO/HSE/FOS/15.1 }}</ref>
[[중증급성호흡기증후군]] 감염증과 혼동하지 않도록 [[세계보건기구]]는 가끔 공중보건 의사소통에서 이 바이러스를 "2019년 코로나바이러스감염증 바이러스"나 "2019년 코로나바이러스감염증 유책 바이러스"라고 부른다.<ref name="COVIDname">{{웹 인용|url=https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/technical-guidance/naming-the-coronavirus-disease-(covid-2019)-and-the-virus-that-causes-it|title=Naming the coronavirus disease (COVID-2019) and the virus that causes it|publisher=World Health Organization|accessdate=24 February 2020|quote=From a risk communications perspective, using the name SARS can have unintended consequences in terms of creating unnecessary fear for some populations, especially in Asia which was worst affected by the SARS outbreak in 2003. For that reason and others, WHO has begun referring to the virus as “the virus responsible for COVID-19” or “the COVID-19 virus” when communicating with the public. Neither of these designations are intended as replacements for the official name of the virus as agreed by the ICTV.}}</ref>
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=== [[계통학]]과 [[분류학]] ===
{{
SARS-CoV-2는 [[코로나바이러스아과]]에 속한다. 이 바이러스는 전도 기능 단일 가닥 [[RNA]] [[바이러스]]([[:en:Positive-sense single-stranded RNA virus]])이다. 그 외의 코로나바이러스아과는 감기에서 [[중동호흡기증후군]]와 같은 더 심각한 감염증에 이르는 질병을 야기할 수 있다. 이 바이러스는 인간 코로나바이러스 229E, NL63, OC43, HKU1, 중동호흡기증후군 [[코로나바이러스]], 본디의 중증급성호흡기증후군 코로나바이러스 다음에 인간을 감염시키는 것으로 알려진 7번째 바이러스이다. 이 바이러스의 유전체 서열은 대략 염기 3만 개이다.<ref name="Sequence"/>
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