This work is in the public domain in Russia according to article 1281 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, articles 5 and 6 of Law No. 231-FZ of the Russian Federation of December 18, 2006 (the Implementation Act for Book IV of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation).
This usually means that one of the following conditions is fulfilled.
The author of this work died:[1]
(a) before January 1, 1942 or
(b) between January 1, 1942 and January 1, 1946, did not work during the Great Patriotic War and did not participate in it.
This work was originally published anonymously or under a pseudonym:
(a) before January 1, 1943 and the name of the author did not become known during 50 years after publication, counted from January 1 of the year following the year of publication, or
(b) between January 1, 1943 and January 1, 1946, and the name of the author did not become known during 70 years after publication, counted from January 1 of the year following the year of publication.
This work is a film (a video fragment or a single shot from it):
(a) which was first shown before January 1, 1943[2] or
(b) which was created by legal entity between January 1, 1929 and January 1, 1946, provided that it was first shown in the stated period or was not shown until August 3, 1993.
This work is an information report (including photo report), which was created by an employee of TASS, ROSTA, or KarelfinTAG as part of that person’s official duties between July 10, 1925[3] and January 1, 1946, provided that it was first released in the stated period or was not released until August 3, 1993.
This work is in the public domain in the United States, because it was in the public domain in its home country (Russia) on the URAA date (January 1, 1996), and it wasn't re-published for 30 days following initial publications in the U.S.
[1] If the author of this work was subjected to repression and rehabilitated posthumously, copyright term is counted from January 1 of the year following the year of rehabilitation. If the work was first published after the death (posthumous rehabilitation) of the author, copyright term is counted from January 1 of the year following the year of publication, provided that the work was published within 50 years after the death of the author who died (and was not posthumously rehabilitated) before January 1, 1943, or within 70 years after the death (posthumous rehabilitation) of the author who died (rehabilitated posthumously) between January 1, 1943 years before January 1, 1946. [2] Amateur films which were first shown on January 1, 1943 or later are subjects of points 1-2 of this template.
[3]ROSTA reports created before July 10, 1925 are subjects of points 1-2 of this template.
이 저작물은 미국 밖에서 처음 공표되었으며 (그리고 30일 이내에 미국에서 공표되지 않았습니다),
1989년 3월 1일 이전에 저작권 공고 없이 처음 공표되었거나, 1964년 이전에 공표된 저작권 연장을 받지 않은 저작물이거나, 저작물의 저작권법이 적용되는 국가가 미국이랑 저작권 조약을 체결하기 전의 저작물입니다.
URAA (대부분의 국가에서 1996년 1월 1일) 날짜를 기준으로 저작물의 저작권법이 적용되는 국가에서 퍼블릭 도메인이였습니다.
For background information, see the explanations on Non-U.S. copyrights. Note: in addition to this statement, there must be a statement on this page explaining why the work was PD on the URAA date in its source country. Additionally, there must be verifiable information about previous publications of the work.