사용자:이형주/슬로베니아 톨라

이형주/슬로베니아 톨라
사용국	{{{사용국}}}

틀:Expand Slovene

The tolar was the currency of Slovenia from 8 October 1991 until the introduction of the euro on 1 January 2007. It was subdivided into 100 stotins (cents). The ISO 4217 currency code for the Slovenian tolar was SIT. From October 1991 until June 1992, the acronym SLT was in use.^[1]

History 편집

The name tolar comes from Thaler, and is cognate with dollar. The tolar was introduced on 8 October 1991. It replaced the 1990 (Convertible) version of Yugoslav dinar at parity. On 28 June 2004, the tolar was pegged against the euro in the ERM II, the European Union exchange rate mechanism. All recalled banknotes can be exchanged at the central bank for current issue.

Phase-out 편집

On 1 January 2007, the tolar was supplanted by the euro. Slovenia issues its own euro coins, like all other nations in the Eurozone.

The timescale for conversion from the tolar to the euro operated differently from the first wave of European Monetary Union (EMU). The permanent euro/tolar conversion rate was finalised on 11 July 2006 at 239.640 tolar per euro. During the first wave of EMU, this period was only a day (the conversion rates were fixed on 31 December 1998 and euro non-cash payments were possible from 1 January 1999). Also unlike the first wave of EMU which had a three year transition period (1999–2001), there was no transition period when non-cash payments could be made in both tolar and euro. The tolar was used for all transactions (cash and non-cash) until 31 December 2006 and the euro must be used for all payments (cash and non-cash) from 1 January 2007. However, as with the first wave of EMU, cash payments with the tolar could continue until 14 January 2007, but change had to be given in euro.

Coins 편집

In 1992, coins were introduced in denominations of 10, 20 and 50 stotinov (10, 20 and 50 stotins), 1 tolar, 2 tolarja and 5 tolarjev (2 and 5 tolars). 10 tolarjev (10 tolars) coins were added in 2000, followed by 20 and 50 tolarjev (20 and 50 tolars) in 2003. The obverse designs all show the denomination, with animals native to Slovenia on the reverses. The coins were designed by Miljenko Licul and Zvone Kosovelj and featured reliefs of animals by Janez Boljka.^[2]

The Only Series [1]
Image	Value	€ equiv.	Technical parameters				Description			Date of
Image	Value	€ equiv.	Diameter	Thickness	Mass	Composition	Edge	Obverse	Reverse	first minting	issue
	10 stotinov (10 stotins)	0.04 cent	16 mm	1.3 mm	0.55 g	98% aluminium 2% magnesium	Plain	Value, state title, year of minting	Olm, "PROTEUS ANGUINUS"		29 April 1993
	20 stotinov (20 stotins)	0.08 cent	18 mm	1.3 mm	0.7 g				Long-eared owl, "ASIO OTUS"		29 April 1993
	50 stotinov (50 stotins)	0.21 cent	20 mm	1.3 mm	0.85 g				Western honey bee, "APIS MELLIFERA"		4 January 1993
	1 tolar (1 tolar)	0.42 cent	22 mm	1.7 mm	4.5 g	78% copper 20% zinc 2% nickel	Milled	Value, state title, year of minting	Brown trout, "SALMO TRUTTA FARIO"		4 January 1993
	2 tolarja (2 tolars)	0.83 cent	24 mm	1.7 mm	5.4 g				Barn Swallow, "HIRUNDO RUSTICA"
	5 tolarjev (5 tolars)	2.09 cent	26 mm	1.7 mm	6.4 g				Alpine Ibex, "CAPRA IBEX"
[2]	10 tolarjev (10 tolars)	4.17 cent	22 mm	2 mm	5.75 g	Cupronickel 75% copper 25% nickel	Milled	Value, state title, year of minting	Horse, "EQUUS"		19 April 2000
[3]	20 tolarjev (20 tolars)	8.35 cent	24 mm	2 mm	6.85 g		Waved-edge milled		White Stork, "CICONIA CICONIA"		7 July 2003
[4]	50 tolarjev (50 tolars)	20.86 cent	26 mm	2 mm	8 g		Alternating plain/ milled		Bull, "TAURUS TAURUS"		7 July 2003
틀:Standard coin table notice

Banknotes 편집

The first banknotes were provisional payment notes issued on 8 October 1991, in denominations of 1, 2, 5, 10, 50, 100, 200, 500, 1000, and 5000 tolarjev (0.50 and 2000 tolarjev notes were also printed, but never issued; one thousand sets with matching serial numbers were sold for 5,000 tolarjev each beginning on 6 May 2002).^[3] These notes all feature Triglav, the tallest mountain in Slovenia, on the front, and the Duke Stone, honeycomb pattern, and Carniolan honey bee on the back. In 1992, the Bank of Slovenia introduced the following banknotes, all of which feature notable Slovenes. The banknotes were designed by Miljenko Licul and coauthors, whereas portraits were drawn by Rudi Španzel. They were printed by the British company De La Rue on paper produced in Radeče, Slovenia.^[2]

1992 Series [5]
Image	Value	€ equiv.	Dimensions	Main Colour	Description		Date of
Image	Value	€ equiv.	Dimensions	Main Colour	Obverse	Reverse	first printing	issue
[6]	10 tolarjev	0.04	120 × 60 mm	Multicolour	Primož Trubar, the first page of Trubar's Abecedarium	The Ursuline Church in Ljubljana, motif from the New Testament	15 January 1992	27 November 1992
[7]	20 tolarjev	0.08	126 × 63 mm		Janez Vajkard Valvasor	Two angels from Valvasor's book The Glory of the Duchy of Carniola, segments of the map of Slovenia		28 December 1992
[8]	50 tolarjev	0.21	132 × 66 mm		Jurij Vega, drawing from Vega's "Treatise on the Sphere"	The Solar System, Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts		19 March 1993
[9]	100 tolarjev	0.42	138 × 69 mm		Rihard Jakopič	Detail from Jakopič's painting "The Sun", plan of the former Jakopič Pavilion		30 September 1992
[10]	200 tolarjev	0.83	144 × 72 mm		Jacobus Gallus, motif of an organ from the 17th century	Slovenian Philharmonic Hall		22 February 1993
[11]	500 tolarjev	2.09	150 × 75 mm		Jože Plečnik	National and University Library of Slovenia		30 September 1992
[12]	1000 tolarjev	4.17	156 × 78 mm		France Prešeren, Prešeren's signature	Text from the Zdravljica		30 September 1992
[13]	5000 tolarjev	20.86			Ivana Kobilca	National Gallery of Slovenia, Robba fountain	1 June 1993	13 December 1993
[14]	10 000 tolarjev	41.73			Ivan Cankar, stage plan of the former Theatre of Ljubljana	Chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum), Cankar's handwriting	28 June 1994	15 March 1995
틀:Standard banknote table notice

Historical exchange rates 편집

Lower number indicates the tolar has a higher value.

SIT per EUR – 233.0 (April 2006); 239.5 (June 2005); 235.7 (November 2003); 227.3 (June 2002). From 1 January 2007 the rate was irrevocably set at 239.640 and has been finalised by the European Commission.
SIT per USD – 193.0 (April 2006); 198.0 (June 2005); 201.3 (November 2003); 195.06 (January 2000); 181.77 (1999); 166.13 (1998); 159.69 (1997); 135.36 (1996); 118.52 (1995).

References 편집

↑ “Pregled pomembnejših dogodkov v Sloveniji med 29. junijem in 4. julijem” [Review of More Important Events in Slovenia From 29 June until 4 July] (Slovene). Slovenian Press Agency.
↑ ^가 ^나 Šiška, Marko (2012년 1월). “Twenty Years of National Currency”. 《Www.ukom.gov.si》. Government Communication Office, Republic of Slovenia.
↑ Linzmayer, Owen (2012). 〈Slovenia〉. 《The Banknote Book》. San Francisco, CA: www.BanknoteNews.com.

Krause, Chester L., and Clifford Mishler (1991). 《Standard Catalog of World Coins: 1801–1991》 18판. Krause Publications. ISBN 0873411501. CS1 관리 - 여러 이름 (링크)
Pick, Albert (1994). 《Standard Catalog of World Paper Money: General Issues》. Colin R. Bruce II and Neil Shafer (editors) 7판. Krause Publications. ISBN 0-87341-207-9.

External links 편집

틀:Wikinewshas

Banknotes and coins, Bank of Slovenia
balkanofil.ru/index.php/bills/slovenia/107.html - Catalog and gallery notes Slovenia

전임: Yugoslav 1990 dinar 이유: independence (on June 25, 1991) 비율: at par	Slovenia의 통화 October 8, 1991 – December 31, 2006	후임: euro 이유: joining a monetary union 비율: 1 euro = 239.64 tolarjev

틀:Dollar

[1] “Pregled pomembnejših dogodkov v Sloveniji med 29. junijem in 4. julijem” [Review of More Important Events in Slovenia From 29 June until 4 July] (Slovene). Slovenian Press Agency.

[Šiška2012-01-2] 가 ^나 Šiška, Marko (2012년 1월). “Twenty Years of National Currency”. 《Www.ukom.gov.si》. Government Communication Office, Republic of Slovenia.

[3] Linzmayer, Owen (2012). 〈Slovenia〉. 《The Banknote Book》. San Francisco, CA: www.BanknoteNews.com.

[1]

[2]

[3]