샘 (뒤샹): 두 판 사이의 차이

<샘>을 제작하기 앞서 2년 전, 미국으로 건너온 [[마르셀 뒤샹]]은 [[뉴욕 시]]에서 [[프랑시스 피카비아]], [[맨 레이]], [[베아트리스 우드]] 등의 예술가와 힘을 합쳐 반(反)이성과 [[반미술]], 선(先) [[뉴욕 다다이즘|다다이즘]] 문화 운동을 창시하였노창시하였다.<ref>[https://repository.upenn.edu/dissertations/AAI3211072 Gaffney, Peter D, "Demiurgic machines: The mechanics of New York Dada. A study of the machine art of Francis Picabia, Marcel Duchamp, and other members of New York Dada during the period, 1912–1922"] (2006). Dissertations available from ProQuest. AAI3211072.</ref><ref>[https://books.google.com/books?isbn=0198175132 Hopkins, David, ''Marcel Duchamp and Max Ernst: The Bride Shared'', Volume 21 of Clarendon studies in the history of art], Clarendon Press, 1998, p. 74, {{ISBN|0198175132}}</ref><ref>[https://books.google.com/books?isbn=0816636192 Biro, Matthew, ''The Dada Cyborg: Visions of the New Human in Weimar Berlin''], G - Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary Subjects Series, University of Minnesota Press, 2009, p. 27, {{ISBN|0816636192}}</ref>